Nigute Ikirahuri Cyakozwe Intambwe ku yindi?

Wigeze wibaza uburyo ikirahuri muri windows yawe gikozwe? Ikirahuri cyakozwe mumyaka ibihumbi, gihinduka cyane mugihe. Ibi bikoresho byingenzi bigira uruhare runini mubuzima bwa kijyambere, kuva inyubako kugeza mubintu bya buri munsi. Muri iyi nyandiko, uziga intambwe ku yindi uburyo ikirahure cyaremwe, uhereye kubikoresho fatizo kugeza ku bicuruzwa byarangiye.

1. Ibikoresho bibisi bikoreshwa mugukora ibirahure

Ikirahure ni ibintu byinshi byakoreshejwe mu binyejana byinshi. Ariko wigeze wibaza ikiri mubikorwa? Ibikoresho byibanze bikoreshwa mugukora ibirahure ni:

• Umucanga wa Silica (SiO2): Iki nicyo kintu cyingenzi, kigizwe na 70-75% yibigize byose. Itanga silikoni ikenewe hamwe na atome ya ogisijeni kugirango imiterere yikirahure.

• Ivu rya Soda (sodium karubone, Na2CO3): Yongeweho kugirango igabanye aho gushonga kwa silika, bituma inzira irushaho gukoresha ingufu. Yongera kandi imikorere yikirahure cyashongeshejwe.

• Limestone (calcium karubone, CaCO3): Yinjiza okiside ya calcium mukuvanga, itezimbere kuramba no kurwanya imiti yibicuruzwa byanyuma.

• Dolomite (MgO): Itanga okiside ya magnesium, ikarushaho kongera ubukana bw'ikirahure no kuramba.

• Feldspar (Al2O3): Ikora nka flux, igabanya ubushyuhe bwo gushonga no kunoza neza ikirahure.

• Cullet (ikirahuri cyongeye gukoreshwa): Gukoresha cullet bigabanya gukoresha ingufu no gukenera ibikoresho bibisi. Ifasha kandi mukubungabunga isuku yikirahure.

• Ibyongeweho kumabara nibintu byihariye: Okiside zitandukanye zicyuma zirashobora kongerwaho kugirango zitange ibara cyangwa ibiranga bidasanzwe nko kurwanya UV, kwinjiza infragre, cyangwa kongera imbaraga.

Ubwiza bwibi bikoresho ni ngombwa, cyane nko muri kwisiga icupa ryibirahure , aho kugenzura ubuziranenge ari ngombwa.

Ingano no Kuvanga Ibikoresho Byibanze

Ibipimo bisanzwe byibigize mubice byikirahure ni:

ryibikoresho	Ijanisha
Umucanga	70-75%
Ivu	12-18%
Ikibuye	5-12%
Dolomite	0-5%
Feldspar	0-5%
Cullet	20-30%

Ingano irashobora gutandukana bitewe nibintu byifuzwa byibicuruzwa byanyuma. Ibikoresho bibisi bipimwa neza kandi bivangwa muburyo bwitwa batching. Ibi byemeza imvange imwe mbere yo kugaburirwa mu itanura.

Kugenzura ubuziranenge ni ngombwa muri iki cyiciro. Ubuziranenge no guhorana ibikoresho fatizo bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bwikirahure cyakozwe. Ibihumanya nka fer, chromium, cyangwa cobalt birashobora gutera amabara udashaka cyangwa inenge mubicuruzwa byanyuma. Uburyo bukomeye bwo gupima no kugenzura bukoreshwa kugirango ugumane ibipimo bihanitse.

2. Gushonga no gutunganya inzira

Ibikoresho bibisi bimaze kuvangwa, igihe kirageze ngo amarozi abeho. Icyiciro kigaburirwa mu itanura, aho gishonga ku bushyuhe bwinshi cyane. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwitanura bukoreshwa mugukora ibirahure:

• Itanura ry'inkono

• Itanura

Guhitamo itanura biterwa nubunini bwumusaruro nibisabwa byihariye byikirahure.

Uburyo bwo gushonga bubera ku bushyuhe buri hagati ya 1500 ° C na 1600 ° C. Muri ibi bihe bikabije, ibikoresho fatizo bigira imiti. Barasenyuka bagahuza hamwe kugirango bakore misa imwe yashongeshejwe.

Mugihe cyo gushonga, imyuka nka dioxyde de carbone hamwe numwuka wamazi birarekurwa. Gushonga kandi binonosowe kugirango bikureho umwanda wose usigaye cyangwa ibituba. Ibi nibyingenzi kugirango ugere kubisobanutse no guhuzagurika mubicuruzwa byanyuma.

Itanura ry'inkono

• Birakwiriye kubyara umusaruro muto

• Ubushobozi busanzwe: toni 18-21

• Emerera gushonga ubwoko butandukanye bwikirahure icyarimwe

• Bikunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwo kuvuza umunwa ibice byubuhanzi

Amatanura yinkono nibyiza kubikorwa bito cyangwa umusaruro wihariye. Zitanga guhinduka no kugenzura uburyo bwo gushonga.

Tank Furnace

• Nibyiza kubinini binini, bikomeza umusaruro

• Ubushobozi bushobora kugera kuri toni 2000

• Igizwe na tank nini ikozwe mubikoresho byo kwanga

• Kugaburira ikirahure gishongeshejwe kumashini ikora byikora

Amatanura ya tanki ni inzu yakazi yinganda zikirahure. Bemerera gukomeza gukora ibirahuri byinshi. Ikirahure gishongeshejwe kiratunganijwe kandi kigaburirwa mu buryo butaziguye imashini zikora, bigatuma inzira idahwitse kandi ikora neza.

Icyiciro cyo gushonga no gutunganya ni umutima wo gukora ibirahure. Niho ibikoresho fatizo bihinduka ibintu byoroshye, bisobanutse. Ubwoko bw'itanura, kugenzura ubushyuhe, hamwe nubuhanga bwo gutunganya byose bigira uruhare runini muguhitamo ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byanyuma.

Mu gice gikurikira, tuzareba uburyo iki kirahure gishongeshejwe gikozwe mubicuruzwa dukoresha buri munsi. Kuva kuri Windows kugeza kumacupa, ibishoboka ntibigira iherezo.

3. Gukora no gushiraho ikirahure

Ikirahure gishongeshejwe, ubu kitarimo umwanda, cyiteguye gukorwa. Aha niho hagaragara ubuhanzi nubuhanga nyabwo. Reka dusuzume bumwe muburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa mugukora no gukora ibirahure.

Ikirahure kireremba

Kimwe mubikorwa byimpinduramatwara mubikorwa byikirahure nuburyo bwo kureremba ibirahure. Harimo gusuka ikirahuri cyashongeshejwe kuburiri bwamabati yashongeshejwe. Ikirahure kireremba hejuru y'amabati, gikwirakwira kandi kigakora ubuso bunoze, buringaniye.

Ubunini bwikirahure burashobora kugenzurwa numuvuduko ukuramo amabati. Ubu buryo butuma habaho ibirahure bifite ubunini bumwe hamwe nubuso budasanzwe. Nuburyo bwo gukora impapuro nini zikirahure cyiza cya Windows, indorerwamo, nibindi byinshi.

bishingiye ku buryo bwa

• Kuvuza : Umubumbe w'ikirahure gishongeshejwe ufatanije n'umuyaga. Umwuka uhuhurwamo, bigatuma waguka kandi ugafata ishusho. Ubu buhanga bukoreshwa mu gukora amacupa, amajerekani, nibindi bikoresho bidafite akamaro.

• Kanda : Ikirahure gishongeshejwe gisukwa mubibumbano hanyuma bigakanda muburyo ukoresheje plunger. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mugukora amasahani, ibikombe, nibindi bintu bisa cyangwa bidakabije.

• Igishushanyo : Ikirahure gishongeshejwe gikururwa hejuru hifashishijwe urukurikirane rw'ibizunguruka hanyuma bigakorwa mu tubari cyangwa inkoni. Ubu buhanga bukoreshwa mugukora fibre yibirahure, ibimenyetso bya neon, nibindi bintu birebire, binini.

tekinike	Ibicuruzwa
Gukubita	Amacupa, ibibindi, vase
Kanda	Ibyokurya, ibikombe, lens
Igishushanyo	Imiyoboro, inkoni, fibre

Uburyo bwikora bwo gukora

Mubikorwa bya kijyambere bigezweho, byinshi murubuhanga byikora. Imashini zirashobora guhuha, gukanda, no gushushanya ikirahuri hamwe nibisobanuro bidasanzwe kandi byihuse. Ibi bituma habaho umusaruro mwinshi wibicuruzwa byikirahure bihamye.

Guhimba intoki hamwe no guhimba imashini

• Umusaruro muto : Akenshi ushingiye kubuhanga bwo guhimba intoki, ukemerera ibice byihariye, byabukorikori. Tekereza vase ikubiswe n'intoki cyangwa ibihangano by'ibirahure.

• Umusaruro munini : Ukoresha imashini kugirango ubyare ibicuruzwa byinshi bisanzwe. Nuburyo Windows nyinshi, amacupa, nibikoresho byibirahure bikozwe.

Guhitamo hagati yo guhimba intoki n'imashini biterwa nigisubizo cyifuzwa nubunini bwibikorwa. Mugihe imashini zitanga imikorere kandi idahwitse, guhimba intoki bituma habaho guhanga no kwihitiramo.

Icyiciro cyo gushiraho no gushiraho niho ikirahuri gifata imiterere yacyo ya nyuma. Uhereye kubirahuri bireremba hejuru yubuhanzi bwibice byamaboko, ibishoboka ntibigira iherezo. Mu gice gikurikira, tuzareba uburyo ibi bintu bishya byakozwe mubirahure bikonje kandi birangiye neza.

4. Guhuza no gukonjesha

Urashobora gutekereza ko ikirahure kimaze gushingwa, cyiteguye gukoresha. Ariko hariho intambwe yingenzi izaza ikurikira: annealing. Iyi nzira ningirakamaro kugirango tumenye imbaraga nigihe kirekire cyibicuruzwa byanyuma.

Intego ya Annealing

Mugihe cyo gukora, ikirahuri gikorerwa ubushyuhe bwinshi no gukonja vuba. Ibi birashobora gutera impagarara imbere mubikoresho. Niba bidakemuwe, iyi mihangayiko irashobora gutuma ikirahure kimeneka kandi gikunda gucika cyangwa kumeneka.

Annealing nigisubizo cyiki kibazo. Harimo gukonjesha buhoro ikirahure kugirango ugabanye iyo mihangayiko y'imbere. Iyi nzira ituma molekile iruhuka kandi igahinduka, bikavamo ibicuruzwa bikomeye, bihamye.

Kugenzura ubukonje

Urufunguzo rwo gutsinda annealing rugenzurwa no gukonja. Niba ikirahure gikonje vuba, birashobora gukomeza guhangayika n'intege nke. Igipimo cyo gukonjesha kigomba gutegurwa neza kugirango bigabanuke neza.

Aha niho annealing lehr yinjira. Nicyumba kigenzurwa nubushyuhe ikirahure kinyuramo nyuma yo gukora. Lehr igabanya buhoro buhoro ubushyuhe bwikirahure mugihe runaka.

Annealing Lehr

Annealing lehr ni ndende, imeze nkimiterere. Igabanijwemo uduce twinshi, buri imwe ikomeza ku bushyuhe bwihariye. Iyo ikirahure kinyuze muri lehr, gikonja buhoro buhoro kuva kuri 1000 ° F (538 ° C) kugeza ubushyuhe bwicyumba.

Ubushyuhe nyabwo hamwe nigipimo cyo gukonjesha biterwa nibintu nkubwoko bwikirahure, ubunini bwacyo, nuburyo bugenewe gukoreshwa. Kurugero, ikirahure kinini gisaba umuvuduko ukonje kugirango wemererwe neza.

Gukonjesha Igihe n'ibiciro

Igikorwa cya annealing gishobora gufata ahantu hose kuva mumasaha make kugeza kumunsi, bitewe nubunini nuburemere bwikirahure. Ibice binini, binini bisaba igihe kinini cyo gukonja neza kandi byuzuye.

Igipimo cy'ubukonje	bw'ikirahure (° F / isaha)
<1/8	500
1/8 - 1/4	400
1/4 - 1/2	300
> 1/2	200

Ibipimo bya annealing bikonje kubirahuri bya soda-lime

Gufata neza ni ngombwa mugukora ibirahure bikomeye, biramba, kandi birwanya kumeneka. Nintambwe itagaragara ariko yingenzi mubikorwa byo gukora ibirahure.

5. Kurangiza inzira

Twabonye uburyo ikirahure gishonga, kigakorwa, kandi kigashyirwa hamwe. Ariko urugendo ntirugarukira aho. Ikirahuri gifatanye gikora inzira zitandukanye zo kurangiza kugirango kigere kumikorere yacyo ya nyuma.

Gukata no Kuringaniza

Ubwa mbere, ikirahure cyaciwe kugeza ku bunini no ku miterere. Ibi bikorwa hifashishijwe ibikoresho kabuhariwe nka diyama ikozwe na diyama. Ubusobanuro bwibikorwa byo gutema nibyingenzi kugirango habeho isuku, yuzuye.

Gusya no gusya

Ibikurikira, impande zikirahure zirahari kandi zisukuwe kugirango zikureho ububi cyangwa ibitagenda neza. Ibi mubisanzwe bikorwa hifashishijwe ibiziga cyangwa umukandara. Igikorwa cyo gusya gikora neza, ndetse nubuso butekanye gukoraho no gukora.

Ibicuruzwa bimwe byikirahure, nkindorerwamo cyangwa lens, bisaba kongeramo amashanyarazi kugirango bigere kumurongo mwinshi. Ibi bikorwa hifashishijwe buhoro buhoro abrasives kugeza urwego rwifuzwa rwo gusobanuka no kugaragarizwa.

Kuvura impande

Impande z'ikirahure nazo zishobora kuvurwa kubwumutekano cyangwa ubwiza:

• Kudoda : Kuzenguruka gato kumpande kugirango ukureho ubukana

• Amashanyarazi meza : Gukora impande zombi

• Beveling : Gukata inguni kumpera kugirango igire ingaruka nziza

Ubushyuhe bwikirahure cyumutekano

Kubisabwa aho umutekano uhangayikishijwe, ikirahure kigenda gikonja. Ibi birimo gushyushya ikirahuri kugera kuri 1200 ° F (649 ° C) hanyuma ugakonjesha vuba hamwe nindege.

Ubushyuhe butera guhangayika hejuru yikirahure, bigatuma bikomera cyane kandi bikarwanya kumeneka. Niba ikirahure gikonje kimenetse, kimenagura uduce duto, twijimye aho kuba ibice bikarishye.

Kumurika imbaraga n'umutekano

Ikirahuri cyanduye nubundi bwoko bwikirahure cyumutekano. Ikozwe na sandwiching igice cya firime ya plastike hagati yimpapuro ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi. Ibice noneho bigahuzwa hamwe munsi yubushyuhe nigitutu.

Niba ikirahuri cya laminate kimenetse, plastike interlayer ifata ibice hamwe, bikarinda ibice bishobora guteza akaga. Ibi bituma biba byiza mubisabwa nk'ibirahuri by'imodoka, skylight, na windows yumutekano.

Gushyira hamwe

Ikirahuri nacyo gishobora gutwikirwa nibikoresho bitandukanye kugirango byongere imiterere cyangwa isura:

• Kwerekana neza : Kugabanya urumuri no kunoza ingufu

• Imyenda mito (E-E) yuzuye : Hagarika imirasire yimirasire kugirango ikorwe neza

• Kwiyuhagira wenyine : Koresha ibikoresho bifotora kugirango umenye umwanda na grime

• Kurwanya-kwigaragaza : Kugabanya ibitekerezo kugirango ugaragare neza

mu bwoko bwa Coating	Inyungu zo
Tekereza	Kugabanya urumuri, gukoresha ingufu
Hasi-E	Kunoza neza, kubika ingufu
Kwisukura	Kubungabunga byoroshye, hejuru yisuku
Kurwanya	Kongera imbaraga zo kugaragara, kugabanya amaso

6. Gupakira no gukwirakwiza

Intambwe yanyuma mubikorwa byo gukora ibirahure ni ugupakira no kugabura. Ikirahure kimaze gutsinda igenzura ryiza, ryiteguye gupakirwa no koherezwa kubakiriya.

Ibikoresho byo gupakira birinda

Ikirahure kiroroshye, gupakira neza rero ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde kwangirika mugihe cyo gutwara. Ibikoresho byo gupakira bikoreshwa biterwa nubwoko nubunini bwibicuruzwa byikirahure.

Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukingira birimo:

• Agasanduku k'amakarito

• Kwinjiza ifuro cyangwa plastike

• Gupfunyika ibisebe cyangwa umusego wo mu kirere

• Gupakira ibishyimbo cyangwa impapuro

Ibi bikoresho bitanga buffer kurwanya ingaruka no kunyeganyega, bigabanya ibyago byo kumeneka.

Ikirango hamwe nibicuruzwa byamakuru

Buri paki yanditseho amakuru yingenzi yibicuruzwa:

• Izina ryibicuruzwa nibisobanuro

• Ibipimo n'uburemere

• Uruganda ninkomoko

• Umubare cyangwa nimero myinshi

• Amabwiriza yumutekano no gukemura

Aya makuru afasha gucunga ibarura, gukurikirana, no gutumanaho kubakiriya. Kode y'utubari cyangwa QR code irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugusikana byoroshye no gukurikirana.

Ubwikorezi n'ibikoresho

Ibirahuri bipfunyitse bipakirwa kuri pallets cyangwa mubikoresho byoherezwa kugirango bitwarwe. Uburyo bwo gutwara abantu buva aho bugana n'ubunini bw'ibyoherejwe:

• Amakamyo yoherezwa mu karere cyangwa mu karere

• Gariyamoshi yo gutwara intera ndende

• Amato yoherezwa mumahanga cyangwa mumahanga

• Indege zo gutanga byihutirwa cyangwa bifite agaciro kanini

Ibikoresho bigira uruhare runini mu gutuma ikirahuri kigera aho cyerekeza neza kandi ku gihe. Ibi birimo:

• Gutegura inzira no gutezimbere

• Guhitamo abatwara no kuyobora

• Imisoro n'amahoro

• Gukurikirana no gutumanaho

Abakora ibirahuri benshi bakorana nabandi bantu batanga ibikoresho (3PLs) kugirango bakemure iyo mirimo itoroshye. Ibi bibafasha kwibanda kubucuruzi bwabo bwibanze bwo gukora ikirahure cyiza.

Uburyo bwo Gutwara	Inyungu	Ibibi
Ikamyo	Byoroshye, gutanga inzu ku nzu	Ubushobozi buke, imipaka yumuhanda
Gariyamoshi	Igiciro-cyiza kubirometero birebire	Inzira zihamye, zitinda kuruta amakamyo
Ubwato	Ubushobozi bunini, kugera ku rwego mpuzamahanga	Buhoro, birashoboka gutinda
Indege	Byihuse, bikwiranye no gutanga byihutirwa	Ubushobozi buhenze, ubushobozi buke

Kugenzura ubuziranenge: Kwemeza gutungana muri buri gicuruzwa cyibirahure

Nigute ubuziranenge bugenzurwa mugukora ibirahure?

Kugenzura ubuziranenge nigice cyingenzi mubikorwa byo gukora ibirahure. Harimo urukurikirane rwo kugenzura no kugenzura kuri buri cyiciro, kuva guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo kugeza kubipfunyika bwa nyuma.

• Igenzura ryikora ryikora : Gukora ibirahuri bigezweho bishingiye cyane kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora. Izi mashini zifite ubuhanga buhanitse zikoresha kamera, lazeri, na sensor kugirango igenzure buri kintu cyikirahure kiva kumurongo. Bashobora kubona inenge ntoya nkigice cya milimetero, bakemeza ko ibicuruzwa byuzuye byonyine.

• Inenge Zisanzwe Zamenyekanye kandi Zikemurwa : Nuburyo bugenzurwa neza nuburyo bwo gukora, inenge zirashobora kugaragara. Bimwe mubibazo bikunze kugaragara harimo:

• Umwuka mwinshi wafatiwe mu kirahure

• Ibinyampeke bidashongeshejwe by'ibikoresho fatizo

• Igishushanyo cyangwa uduce hejuru

• Umwanda cyangwa ibice by'amahanga

• Kugoreka neza cyangwa kutubahiriza amategeko

Iyo izo nenge zimenyekanye, ibicuruzwa byangiritse bihita bivanwa kumurongo. Baca basubirwamo kugirango bakosore ikibazo cyangwa bongeye gukoreshwa mubikorwa.

Akamaro ko Kongera Gushonga Ikirahure Cyuzuye

Ikirahure ni ibikoresho 100% bisubirwamo. Ibi bivuze ko ikirahuri icyo aricyo cyose kitujuje ubuziranenge gishobora kongera gushonga no kongera gukoreshwa. Ubu buryo bwo gutunganya ibintu ni igice cyingenzi cyo kugenzura ubuziranenge.

• Kongera gutunganya mubikorwa byumusaruro : Ibirahure bifite inenge byacitsemo ibice bito bizwi nka cullet. Iyi kleti noneho igaburirwa mu ziko, aho ishonga igahinduka igice gishya cyikirahure. Gukoresha cullet bifite inyungu nyinshi:

• Igabanya gukenera ibikoresho fatizo, kugabanya ibiciro ningaruka ku bidukikije

• Igabanya ubushyuhe bwo gushonga, ikiza ingufu

• Itezimbere ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byanyuma mugabanya umwanda

Mugutunganya ibirahuri bifite inenge, ababikora barashobora kugumana ubuziranenge bwo hejuru mugihe bagabanya imyanda nogukoresha umutungo.

Ikirahure cyiza cyo kugenzura

Icyiciro	Icyiciro cyo kugenzura ubuziranenge
Ibikoresho bito	- Kugenzura no gutanga ibyemezo - Kugenzura ibikoresho byinjira - Isesengura ryimiti
Gushonga no Gutunganya	- Gukurikirana ubushyuhe - Gushonga no gupima - Gukurikirana gaz bubble
Gushiraho no Gushiraho	- Kugenzura ibipimo - Kugenzura ubuziranenge bwubuso - Ibipimo bya Stress hamwe ningutu
Annealing and Cooling	- Kugenzura imiterere yubushyuhe - Ikizamini gisigaye
Kurangiza inzira	- Kwihanganira ibipimo - Kugenzura ubuziranenge - Kugenzura neza no kureba
Gupakira no Gukwirakwiza	- Igenzura ryanyuma ryibicuruzwa - Gupakira ubuziranenge

Ubwoko bw'Ibirahure n'inzira zabyo

Ikirahure ni ibintu bitandukanye biza muburyo bwinshi butandukanye. Buri bwoko bwikirahure bufite imiterere yihariye nuburyo bwo gukora. Reka dusuzume bumwe muburyo busanzwe.

1. Ubwoko bwibanze bwikirahure

• Ikirahuri cya soda-lime : Ubu ni ubwoko bwikirahure gikunze gukoreshwa, gikoreshwa muri Windows, amacupa, nibikoresho byibirahure. Ikozwe mu ruvange rwumucanga (silika), ivu rya soda (sodium karubone), na hekeste (calcium karubone). Ibigize bishonga mubushyuhe bwinshi hanyuma bigakorwa muburyo bwifuzwa.

• Ikirahuri cya Borosilike : Azwiho kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi no kumara imiti, ikirahuri cya borosilike gikoreshwa mubikoresho bya laboratoire, ibikoresho byo guteka, no kumurika. Byakozwe mukongeramo boron trioxide kumata asanzwe ya soda-lime. Ibi bihindura ibirahuri byubushyuhe nubumara.

• Ikirahure cya kirisiti ya kirisiti : Yahawe agaciro kubwiza bwayo no gusobanuka, ikirahuri cya kirisiti ikoreshwa mubintu byo murwego rwohejuru rwo gushushanya nka vase, stemware, na chandeliers. Byakozwe mugusimbuza calcium yibirahuri bya soda-lime na okiside. Iyo hejuru yibiyobora, niko ikirahure kigaragara.

• Ikirahuri cya Aluminosilicate : Ubu bwoko bwikirahure buzwiho imbaraga nyinshi no kurwanya ubushyuhe. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane nka halogen, amatara ya feri, na ecran ya terefone. Ikirahuri cya Aluminosilike gikozwe wongeyeho alumina (oxyde ya aluminium) kumata yikirahure.

• Ibirahuri byihariye : Hariho ubundi bwoko bwinshi bwikirahure bwagenewe intego zihariye. Urugero:

• Ikirahuri cya Photochromic, cyijimye iyo gihuye nizuba

• Ikirahuri cya Dichroic, cyerekana amabara atandukanye ukurikije inguni yo kureba

Ibirahuri byihariye bikozwe mukongeramo inyongeramusaruro zidasanzwe cyangwa gukoresha tekiniki zidasanzwe zo gukora kugirango ugere kubintu byifuzwa.

2. Byihariye kandi Agaciro-Wongeyeho Ikirahure Ubwoko

• Ikirahure cyubwenge :

• Ikirahure cyubwenge, nka AIS Swytchglass, irashobora guhindura ububobere bwayo ukanze buto. Ikozwe na sandwiching ion hagati yikirahure. Iyo amashanyarazi akoreshejwe, ion ihindura imyanya, ihindura ikirahure.

• Ikirahure cyubwenge gikoreshwa mubwubatsi bugezweho kubuzima bwite, gukoresha ingufu, no gushimisha ubwiza. Iremera kugenzura imbaraga z'umucyo n'ubushyuhe byinjira mu nyubako.

• Ikirahure cya Acoustic :

• Ikirahuri cya Acoustic cyashizweho kugirango kigabanye amajwi, bigatuma gikoreshwa neza. Bikunze gukoreshwa muri studio zafata amajwi, ibiro byigenga, ningo.

• Ikirahuri cya Acoustique gikozwe muburyo bwo kumurika ibirahuri bibiri cyangwa byinshi byikirahure hamwe na interlayer idasanzwe ikurura imiraba y amajwi.

• Ikirahure gikoresha ingufu :

• Ikirahure gikoresha ingufu, nka AIS Ecosense, gifasha kugenzura ingano yingufu zizuba zinjira mu nyubako. Ibi bigabanya umutwaro kuri sisitemu yo gushyushya no gukonjesha, biganisha ku kuzigama ingufu.

• Yakozwe mugukoresha ibifuniko bidasanzwe hejuru yikirahure cyerekana urumuri rwa infragre mugihe urumuri rugaragara runyura. Bike-E (emissivite nkeya) ikunze gukoreshwa.

• Ikirahure gikoresha ingufu ningirakamaro mugushinga inyubako zirambye, zangiza ibidukikije zigabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije.

• Ikirahure gikonje :

• Kurya: Gushyira ibintu bya acide cyangwa abrasive mubirahure kugirango byangirike hejuru

• Umusenyi: Gutera umusenyi kumuvuduko mwinshi hejuru yikirahure

• Igifuniko: Gukoresha firime isobanutse cyangwa gutwikira hejuru yikirahure

• Ikirahure gikonje gitanga isura yoroheje, ikwirakwijwe kubuzima bwite no gushushanya. Iremera urumuri kunyura mugihe rutagaragara neza. Ibicuruzwa nka AIS Krystal Ikirahure gikonje gikunze gukoreshwa muri windows, kwiyuhagira, ibice, no mu kabari.

• Ikirahure gikonje cyakozwe hakoreshejwe bumwe mu buryo butatu:

bw'ikirahure	Ubwoko bw'ibyingenzi Ibyingenzi	Bisanzwe Porogaramu
Soda-lime	Birashoboka, bitandukanye	Windows, amacupa, ibirahure
Borosilicate	Ubushyuhe hamwe n’imiti irwanya imiti	Ibikoresho bya laboratoire, ibikoresho byo guteka, kumurika
Kurongora kristu	Ubwiza, busobanutse, buremereye	Ibikoresho byo gushushanya, ibikoresho, ibikoresho bya chandeliers
Aluminosilicate	Ikomeye, irwanya ubushyuhe	Porogaramu yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ecran ya terefone
Ikirahure cyubwenge	Guhindura gukorera mu mucyo	Ibisubizo byibanga, Windows ikoresha ingufu
Ikirahuri cya Acoustic	Ijwi	Kwandika amajwi, biro, amazu
Ikirahure gikoresha ingufu	Ibitekerezo, byerekana	Inyubako zangiza ibidukikije, amadirishya
Ikirahure gikonje	Birasobanutse, bikwirakwiza urumuri	Windows yi banga, kwiyuhagira, akabati

Umwanzuro

Uburyo bwo gukora ibirahure, kuva kubikoresho fatizo kugeza kubicuruzwa byanyuma, ni urwego rugoye ariko rwuzuye rwintambwe. Buri cyiciro, kuva gushonga kugeza kuri annealing, bigira uruhare runini mukwemeza ikirahure cyiza cyane. Izi nzira zinonosowe mu binyejana byinshi, hamwe niterambere rihoraho mu ikoranabuhanga. Urebye imbere, iterambere mu buryo burambye hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga ry’ikirahure ryizeza gusezeranya ejo hazaza h’ibikorwa byo gukora ibirahure, bigatuma birushaho gukora neza kandi bitangiza ibidukikije. Gusobanukirwa izi ntambwe bidufasha gushima ikirahuri dukoresha burimunsi, kuva kuri Windows kugeza kuri tekinoroji yubuhanga.