Iplastiki ikwindawo yonke ebomini bethu. I-LDPE, okanye i-Polythylene, yiplastiki esetyenziswe kunye neplastiki esetyenzisiweyo kumashishini amaninzi.
Kule posi, uya kufunda ukuba yeyiphi iplastiki ye-LDpe kwaye isetyenziswa njani kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Yintoni i-ldP?
I-Polythylene (i-ldpe) yi-thermoplastic pollymer ethathwe kwi-Ethylene. Yaziwa ngokuba yindibaniselwano yayo eyahlukileyo yokuguquguquka, ukungafihli, kunye nendawo ephantsi yokunyibilika.
I-LDP yekhemikhali yekhemikhali (c2h4) n, apho imele inani leeyunithi ze-monomer. Imixokelelwane yePolymer inesakhiwo esitshatileyo, esinika i-LDPER ERVIT.
Ezinye zeempawu eziphambili ze-LDP ibandakanya:
Bhetyebhetye: Inokwaluswa ngokulula kwaye ibunjwe
Ukungafihlisi: Ivumela ukukhanya ukuba kudlule, kukwenza kube lufaneleke ukupakisha ngokucacileyo
Inqaku eliphantsi elinyibilikayo: Ingasetyenzwa kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zePolythylene
I-LDPE vs. Ezinye iindidi zePolythylene:
| Ipropathi | ye- | LDPE | HDDPE |
| Ukuxinana (G / CM3) | 0.915-0.935 | 0.941-0.965 | 0.915-0.925 |
| Amandla e-thensle (MPA) | 8-31 | 18-35 | 15-29 |
| Inqaku lokunyibilika (° C) | I-105-115 | I-120-140 | I-120-130 |
| Ukungafihli | Phezulu | Iphantsi | Phezulu |
Njengoko kubonwa etafileni, i-LDP inesifo sokuxinana esisezantsi kunye nokunyibilika xa kuthelekiswa ne-HDPE. Ikwabonelela ngokuthe ngcembe kunee-HDPE. I-LDFE yabelana ngezinto ezifanayo ne-ldpe kodwa inesakhiwo esingakumbi.
Yenziwe njani ldpe?
Ukuveliswa kwe-ldpe iqala nge-ethylene, izinto ezingafunekiyo zivela kwi-petroleum. Olu monomer lusebenza kwi-polymerity ye-polymeric ephezulu ukwenza i-polymer esazi njenge-LDP.
Inkqubo yokwemveliso ibandakanya iindlela ezimbini eziphambili:
Indlela ye-autoclave
I-Ethylene icinezelwe kwaye yondliwe kwi-Autoclave ye-Autoclave ephezulu
Abangeneleli bathanda ioksijini okanye iiperoxides ze-organic zongezwa ukuze ziqale i-polymerization
Impendulo yenzeka kumaqondo obushushu ajikeleze i-200 ° C kwaye uxinzelelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3000 atm
I-ldpe ekhutshelweyo ikhutshiwe, ipholile, kwaye ipellet
Indlela ye-tublar
I-Ethylene kunye nabaqalayo bondliwe kwindawo ende, ecekeceke
Indlela yokuphendula yenzeka kumaqondo obushushu phakathi kwe-150-300 ° C kunye neengcinezelo ukuya kwi-3000 ATM
I-LDP ikhutshiwe, ipholile, kwaye ipellet, ifana nendlela ye-autoclave
Ngexesha lemveliso, iikopi ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodyuli zinokufakwa ukonyusa iipropathi ze-LDP:
I-Antioxidants: Banqanda i-oxidation kwaye bandise ubomi bePolymer
I-UV Stabilizers: Bakhusela i-LDP ukusuka kwi-UV Deegradition
IINKQUBO ZOKUGQIBELA
Iiplasitifayili: Baphucula ukuguquguquka kunye nokuphuculwa
Iifilitha: Zinciphisa iindleko kwaye ziguqule iipropathi njengexinene okanye amandla
Ezi zongezo zikhethwe ngononophelo ngokusekwe kwisicelo esicetywayo kunye neempawu zentsebenzo zemveliso ye-LDPE.
Inkqubo yenkqubo ye-polymerizazazaza-ntlobo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweezongezo ezithile zinika i-LDPE yepropathi yayo eyahlukileyo. Kwicandelo elilandelayo, siza kuphonononga ezi propati ngokweenkcukacha.
Iipropathi ze-LDP
I-ldpe inobubanzi obuyeyona nto ikhethekileyo yezikhundla zomzimba, zekhemikhali, kunye ne-shormal. Masiphembe kudidi ngalunye kwaye siphonononge into eyenza le pristile qho.
Iipropathi zomzimba
Ukuxinana : I-LDP inoxinano olusezantsi ukusuka kwi-0.915-0.935 g / cm3. Oku kwenza ukuba kube lula kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuphatha.
Amandla amanqindi : Inamandla e-thensent ye-8-31 MPA. Ngelixa sokomelela njengezinye iiplastiki, ilungele izicelo ezininzi.
I-Elonging : I-LDP inokusolula ukuya kuthi ga kwi-500% ngaphambi kokuqhekeza. Esi sithuba sikhethekileyo sivumela ukuba isetyenziswe kwiphakeji eguqukayo.
Ukuguquguquka : ihlala iguquguqukayo nakumaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Le ndawo ibalulekile kwizicelo ezinje ngebhotile.
Iipropathi zeekhemikhali
Ukuxhathisa iikhemikhali : I-LDP ixhathise iichemicals ezininzi, kubandakanya i-acids, ilokishi, kunye neziseko. Nangona kunjalo, inokuchaphazeleka ziiarhente ezinamandla.
Ukunganyangeki komswakama : inezinto ezigqwesileyo zokufuma. Oku kwenza ukuba ilungele ukupakisha iimveliso ezibuthathaka.
Ukuchasana : ldpe inesidima esilinganiselweyo. Ukuboniswa ixesha elide kwilanga kunokubangela ukungcola, ngoko ke i-UV Stabizers ihlala yongezwa.
Iipropathi ze-thermal
Inqaku lokunyibilika : Inendawo ephantsi yokunyibilika ye-105-115 ° C. Oku kuvumela ukuqhubekeka ngokulula kunye nokubumba.
Ukuxhathisa ubushushu : I-LDP inokumelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80 ° C ngokuqhubekayo kwaye i-95 ° C ukuze amaxesha amafutshane. Ngaphandle koko, iqala ukuthamba kunye nokudideka.
Ukwanda kwe-shirmal : Inendawo yokwanda okuphakathi kwe-thermal ephezulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba yandise kakhulu xa ishushu kwaye izivumelwano xa zipholile.
Ezi ndawo zenza i-LDP ukukhetha ukuya kwizicelo ezininzi. Ukuguquguquka kwayo, ukungavisisaniswa kwayo kunye nokunyuka ngokulula kunokuba yingenelo.
Kwicandelo elilandelayo, siza kuphonononga ezinye izibonelelo eziphambili zokusebenzisa i-LDP kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
Izibonelelo ze-ldpe
Ipropathi eyahlukileyo ye-LDPO iguqulela zibe ziingenelo ezininzi zezicelo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sihlolisise ezinye izibonelelo eziphambili ezenza ukhetho oluthandwayo kumashishini.
I-tightweight kwaye iguquguquka
Uxinano olusezantsi lwe-LDP wenza ukuba ilulame kancinci. Esi sisibonelelo esibalulekileyo sokupakisha izicelo, njengoko kunciphisa iindleko zothutho kwaye kwenza ukuba iimveliso zilula ukuyiphatha. Ukongeza, ukuguquguquka kuka-LDP kuyakuvumela ukuba isetyenziswe kwizicelo ezifuna ukuntywila okanye ukugoba, ezinje ngeebhotile ze-squeping okanye ityhubhu eguqukayo.
Ukomelela okuphezulu
Ngaphandle kwendalo elula, ldpe inamandla aphezulu. Inokubonisa amandla abonakalayo ngaphandle kokuqhekeza okanye ukuqhekeka. Oku kwenza ukuba ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo ezifuna ukuqina, njengokupakishwa okanye izixhobo zokudlala.
Ukungaxhathisi bekhemikhali
I-LDP ixhathise uluhlu olubanzi lweekhemikhali, kubandakanya i-acids, ilokishi, kunye neziseko. Ukuxhathisa oku kubalulekile kwizicelo apho iplastiki inokudibana khona nezinto ezinzima, njengokupakisha iikhemikhali okanye izixhobo zelebhu.
Iipropathi zomsondo
I-ldpe inezinto ezigqwesileyo zomqobo, zenza ilungele ukupakisha iimveliso ezibuthathaka zokupakisha. Nokuba kukutya, i-elektroniki, okanye amayeza, i-farmedpe iyanceda ukugcina umswakama ngaphandle kwaye igcine ingqibelelo yento epakishwe.
Kulula ukuqhubekeka nokuphinda usebenzise kwakhona
Inqaku le-LDPE le-LDPO eliyiphantsi kunye neepropathi ezihamba phambili zenza ukuba kube lula ukucwangcisa ukusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ezinjengeempungutye ezibunjiweyo, ukubetha kunye nokuphuma. Ukongeza, i-ldpe iphinde isebenze ngokulula. Inokunyibilikiswa phantsi kwaye iphinde isetyenziselwe ukwenza iimveliso ezintsha, ukunciphisa ifuthe kwendalo.
Isebenza kakuhle emalini
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iiplasitiki ezineepropathi ezifanayo, i-LDP ixabisa kakhulu. Iindleko zayo eziphantsi, zidityaniswe nokungaguqukiyo kwaye zinciphise ukulungisa, zenza ukuba kuthathwe ukuba kuqinisekiswe iindleko kwizicelo ezininzi.
Ezi nzuzo zenze i-LDP, yindawo ye-go-ukuya kwicandelo ngalinye. Kwicandelo elilandelayo, siza kuphonononga ezinye izicelo ezithile apho i-ldpe ikhanya.
Izinto ezingalunganga ze-ldpe
Ngelixa i-LDP ineenzuzo ezininzi, ibalulekile ekuqwalaselweni kwemida yayo. Ezinye izinto ezingalunganga kuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwalo kwizicelo ezithile.
Amandla e-ntensile asezantsi athelekiswa ne-HDPE
I-LDP inamandla amancinci aphantsi kune-HDPE. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinakukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo olukhulu okanye uxinzelelo ngaphambi kokuqulunqa okanye ukophula. Kwizicelo ezifuna amandla aphezulu, ezinjengamacandelo anengxaki, i-HDPE ihlala ikhethwa ngaphezulu kwe-ldpe.
Ukungamelana nobushushu obungalunganga
Enye yeendlela zokuzibamba ze-ldpe kukungaxhathisi ubushushu bayo. Iqala ukuthamba kunye nokuchaphazela amaqondo obushushu ngaphezulu kwe-80 ° C. Oku kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwizicelo ezibandakanya amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, njengokupakishwa okushushu okushushu okanye kwiimveliso eziboniswe kubushushu.
Ukuthuthuka koxinzelelo
I-ldpe ithathe uxinzelelo, ngakumbi xa ityhilwe kwiikhemikhali ezithile okanye izinto zokusingqongileyo. Uxinzelelo lunokwenziwa xa iplastiki iphantsi koxinzelelo oluqhubekayo, ukunciphisa ingqibelelo yayo kwaye inokubangela ukungaphumeleli.
Inokutsha
Njengamaplanga amaninzi, ldpe uyanokutsha. Inokubamba ngokulula umlilo kwaye utsha, ukhulule impumlo eyingozi. Oku kuphakamisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwizicelo apho uKhuseleko loMlilo lubalulekile.
Ukusetyenziswa kancinci kusetyenziso lweqondo lobushushu
Ngenxa yenqaku layo eliphantsi lokunyibilika kunye nokuxhathisa ubushushu obungalunganga, i-LDP ayilungelanga usetyenziso lweqondo lokushisa. Ayinakusetyenziswa kwiimveliso eziboniswe kubushushu obuphezulu, njengokupheka izixhobo okanye izixhobo zombane.
Ngelixa ezi zinto zingalunganga zinokunciphisa umda we-LDP kwezinye iindawo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba zonke izinto zinamandla kunye nobuthathaka. Eyona nto iphambili kukuqonda oku sithintele ukuze ukhethe eyona nto ilungileyo kwisicelo sakho esithile.
Izicelo ze-LDPE
Umsebenzi we-LDP uyenzela ukhetho oluthandwayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Makhe sihlolisise ezinye zezicelo zayo eziphambili.
Ukupakisha
Kumzi-mveliso wepakeji, i-ldpe isetyenziselwa:
Ukupakishwa kokutya : i-ldpe kukutya okukhuselekileyo kunye nokufuma. Isetyenziselwa iingxowa, i-pouches, kunye nezisu zokugcina ukutya kutsha.
Ukupakisha amayeza : Ukuxhathisa i-chiyicals kunye neepropathi zomqobo zenza ilungele amayeza epakethi kunye nezinye iimveliso zamachiza.
Ukupakishwa kwe-cosmetic : Ukuguquguquka kuka-LDPE yeyona nto ilungele iibhotile ezifunekileyo ezisetyenziselwa i-shampoos, i-lotions, kunye nezinye izithambisi.
Ezolimo
Ldpe ufumana izicelo ezininzi kwezolimo:
Iifilimu zeGreenhouse : isetyenziselwa ukugubungela izigadi, ukunceda ukugcina iimeko ezikhulayo.
Iifilimu zeMulch : Iifilimu ze-LDP zasasazeka emhlabeni ukuze zicinezele ukukhula kokhula kunye nokugcina umswakama.
Imibhobho yokunkcenkceshela : Ukuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokuxhathisa imichiza kwenza ilungele ukuqiniswa komgangatho.
Ukwakhiwa
Kumzi-mveliso wokwakha, i-LDP isetyenziselwa:
Izithintelo ze-Vapor : Iifilimu ze-LDP Phumela umswakama ukuba ungangeni kwizakhiwo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubumba kunye nobushushu.
Izixhobo zokufaka i-insumpact : isetyenziswa njengokukhusela kwezinto zokufakwa.
Imibhobho kunye nezixhobo zokuguquguquka : Ukuguquguquka kuka-LDP kunye nokuxhathisa kwemichiza kwenza kulungele ukusetyenziswa kweempawu ezithile.
Umbane kunye ne-elektroniki
I-LDP idlala indima kushishino lombane kunye ne-elektroniki:
I-Ibble ye-Cable : isetyenziswe njengento yokuthambisa ngeentambo zombane ngenxa yeepropathi zayo zesidlo saseDiacric.
I-Wire Coatings : I-LDPE COAAATS ikhusela iingcingo kwi-abrasion kunye nomonakalo wamachiza.
Ukupakisha kwecandelo le -elektroniki
Ezinye iinkqubo
Umsebenzi we-LDP ohamba kwezinye iindawo:
Iithoyi : isetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo zetoyi ngenxa yokhuseleko kunye nokuqina.
Izinto zasekhaya : Iimveliso ezininzi zasekhaya, ezinjengeebhotile zebhotile kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo, zenziwa kwi-LDP.
Izixhobo zonyango : Ukungaxhathisi bekhemikhali kunye nokuguquguquka kwenze kufanelekile ukuba kulungiselelwe imisebenzi ethile yezonyango, njengokutsala kunye nezikhongozeli.
Ezi zimbalwa kwezicelo ezininzi apho i-ldpe ikhanya. Ukudityaniswa kwayo ngokwahlukileyo kwepropathi kuyenze ukuba ibe yinto ebalulekileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.
Ldpe kunye nendalo
Njengoko sisazi kwimeko yethu ngakumbi, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela impembelelo yezixhobo ezinje ngo-LDP kwiplanethi yethu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-ldpe
I-LDP ihlaziyikile. Ihlelwe njenge # 4 ngeplastiki kwinkqubo yokuphinda isebenze. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iindawo zokuphinda zisebenze kwakhona zimkele i-LDPE ngenxa yemiceli mngeni kwinkqubo yokuphinda isebenze.
Inkqubo yokuphinda isebenze kunye nemiceli mngeni
Ukurisayikilisha i-LDP kubandakanya amanyathelo aliqela:
Ukuqokelelwa kunye nokuhlelwa
Ukucoca ukususa ungcoliseko
Ukuqhutywa kwiiflethi ezincinci
Ukunyibilika kunye nokuphumelela kwi-pellets
Ukwenza iimveliso ezintsha ezivela kwi-pellets ehlaziyiweyo
Owona mngeni uphambili ekusebenzeni kwakhona i-LDPE yile:
Ungcoliseko lwezinye izinto
Ubunzima bokuhlelwa ngenxa yendalo yayo ekhanyayo
Iziseko zophuhliso ezinqongopheleyo ze-LDP
Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yemveliso ye-LDP kunye nokulahlwa
Ukuveliswa kwe-ldpe, njengeeplastiki ezininzi, zixhomekeke kwi-fossil fuels. Oku kunegalelo kwimveliso yegesi yeGreenhouse kunye notshintsho lwemozulu. Xa i-LDP iphela iphela kwi-Landfills okanye indalo, inokuthatha iminyaka emininzi ukuze inciphise. Ikwabeka umngcipheko kwizilwanyana zasendle ukuba zingenisiwe.
Iindlela ezizinzileyo ze-ldpe
Ukunciphisa ifuthe lendalo esingqongileyo le-LDP, ezinye iindlela zenziwe:
I-bieplastics eyenziwe kwizibonelelo ezihlaziyiweyo njenge-Corn Starch
Iplastiki ezinokwaphula ixesha elide ngokukhawuleza kwindalo
Iinkqubo zokupakisha ezinokuphinda zisebenze ukuze zinciphise iiplasitiki zokusebenzisa enye
Ngelixa ezi ndlela zithe thethwayo zibonisa, zinomda. I-biloplastics inokukhuphisana nemveliso yokutya, kwaye iplastiki enobungozi ifuna iimeko ezithile zokuqhekeka ngokufanelekileyo. Isitshixo kukufumana ibhalansi phakathi kwezibonelelo ze-LDP kunye nemfuno yokuzinza kwendalo.
Njengabathengi kunye namashishini, sinokwenza umahluko ngo:
Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwethu kweemveliso ze-LDP enye
Ukuphinda usebenzise i-ldpe ngalo lonke ixesha kunokwenzeka
Ukuxhasa uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo
Ngokusebenza kunye, sinokunciphisa ifuthe lendalo le-LDPE ngelixa iqhubeka ingenelwa kwiipropathi zayo eziluncedo.
Ldpe vs. I-HDPE: Umahluko ophambili
Ngelixa zombini ldpe kunye ne-HDPE yiplasitiki ye-polybethylene, zinepropathi eyahlukileyo ebangela ukuba balungele izicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Uthelekiso lwentengiso
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-LDPE kunye ne-HDPE kukuxinana kwabo. I-ldpe ine-inzuzo esezantsi, iqhele ukusukela kwi-0.915-0.935 g / cm³. I-HDPE, kwelinye icala, inexilongo eliphezulu, ihlala phakathi kwe-0.941-0.965 g / cm³. Lo mahluko kuxinzelelo ubanika iimpawu ezahlukileyo.
Amandla kunye nokuqina
I-HDPE ye-HDPE ye-HDPE iguqulela kumandla amakhulu kunye nokuqina kuthelekiswa ne-LDP. Inokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nefuthe ngaphandle kokujonga okanye ukophula. Oku kwenza ukuba i-HDPE ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo ezifuna ingqibelelo, njengebhotile kunye nemibhobho.
Ukuguquguquka kunye nokucaca
Uxinano olusezantsi lwe-ldpe lusinika ubukhulu obukhulu ngakumbi. Ingazicingela ngokulula kwaye icekeceke ngaphandle kokuphulukana nemilo yayo. Oku bhetyebhetye Kungenxa yoko le-LDP ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuntywila kwiibhotile kunye netyhefu eguqukayo. I-LDP ikwanocace olungcono, iyenza ilungele izicelo apho kubonakala khona.
Izicelo kunye nokusetyenziswa
Ngenxa yepropathi yabo eyahlukeneyo, i-LDP kunye ne-HDPE isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo: I-LDP
| yezicelo ze-LDPE | ze-HDPE |
| I-squeeke iibhotile | Ubisi lweJugs |
| Ukupakishwa kokutya | Iibhotile |
| Iingxowa zeplastiki | Iibhodi zokusika |
| Izithambi eziguquguqukayo | Imibhobho |
| I-wio in | Iitanki zamafutha |
Ukurisayikilisha kwakhona kunye nefuthe lokusiNgqongileyo
Zombini i-LDP kunye ne-HDPE zinokuphinda zisetyenziselwe, kodwa ziphinde zisetyenziselwe ngokwahlukeneyo. I-ldpe ihlelwe njenge # 4 iplasitiki, ngelixa i-HDPE yi # 2. I-HDPE ihlaziyiwe ngokubanzi kwaye ineqondo eliphezulu lokurisayikilisha ngenxa yokuxinana okuphezulu kunye nokuhlelwa lula. LDP, ukuba sikhaqokele kwaye sibe bhetyebhetye ngakumbi, kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ukuphinda usebenzise kwakhona.
Ngokwempembelelo kokusingqongileyo, amandla aphezulu e-HDPE kunye nokuqina kunokwenza ukuba kube lula ukukhetha, ukunciphisa isidingo sokutshintsha rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, zombini i-LDP kunye ne-HDPE zithathwe kwizinto zefosili kwaye zinokuba negalelo kwimicimbi yokusingqongileyo ukuba ayifikeleli ngokufanelekileyo okanye ilahlekelwe.
Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-LDP kunye ne-HDP kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zesicelo. Ngokuqonda iipropathi zabo ezahlukileyo, abavelisi banokukhetha ezona zixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwiimveliso zabo.
Ukuqukumbela
I-ldpe, okanye i-polylethylene, yiplastiki eguquguqukayo malunga nokuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokuqina kwayo . Isetyenziswe kwiingxowa , zeplastiki , kunye nezicelo zemveliso . Ukuqonda iipropathi ze-LDP kuyanceda ekukhetheni izinto ezifanelekileyo kwiimfuno ezithile.
Ngelixa i-LDP inikezela ngezibonelelo ezininzi, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ifuthe lokusingqongileyo. Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona i-LDP kwaye kuhlolwe ezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo kunokunceda ukunciphisa i-footrint yendalo.
