LDPE Plastiki Niki kandi Ikoreshwa gute?

Plastike iri hose mubuzima bwacu. LDPE, cyangwa Polyethylene nkeya, ni plastike itandukanye kandi ya ngombwa ikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi.

Muri iyi nyandiko, uzamenya plastike ya LDPE nuburyo ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye.

LDPE ni iki?

Polyethylene nkeya (LDPE) ni polymer ya termoplastique ikomoka kuri Ethylene. Azwiho guhuza kwihariye guhuza, gukorera mu mucyo, hamwe no gushonga hasi.

Imiti ya LDPE ni (C2H4) n, aho n igereranya umubare wibice bya monomer. Iminyururu ya polymer ifite imiterere yishami, itanga LDPE imiterere yayo itandukanye.

Bimwe mubyingenzi biranga LDPE harimo:

• Guhinduka: Irashobora kuramburwa byoroshye no kubumbabumbwa

• Gukorera mu mucyo: Yemerera urumuri kunyuramo, bigatuma bikenerwa gupakira neza

• Ahantu ho gushonga: Irashobora gutunganywa mubushyuhe buke ugereranije nubundi bwoko bwa polyethylene

LDPE nubundi bwoko bwa Polyethylene:

Umutungo	LDPE	HDPE	LLDPE
Ubucucike (g / cm3)	0.915-0.935	0.941-0.965	0.915-0.925
Imbaraga za Tensile (MPa)	8-31	18-35	15-29
Ingingo yo gushonga (° C)	105-115	120-140	120-130
Gukorera mu mucyo	Hejuru	Hasi	Hejuru

Nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe, LDPE ifite ubucucike buke no gushonga ugereranije na HDPE. Itanga kandi umucyo mwiza kuruta HDPE. LLDPE isangiye bimwe na LDPE ariko ifite umurongo urenze.

Nigute LDPE Yakozwe?

Umusaruro wa LDPE utangirana na Ethylene, ibikoresho fatizo bikomoka kuri peteroli. Iyi monomer ihura na polymerisiyumu yumuvuduko mwinshi kugirango ikore polymer tuzi nka LDPE.

Igikorwa cyo gukora kirimo uburyo bubiri bwingenzi:

1. Uburyo bwa Autoclave

• Ethylene irahagarikwa kandi igaburirwa mumashanyarazi menshi ya autoclave

• Intangiriro nka ogisijeni cyangwa peroxide kama yongeweho kugirango itangire polymerisation

• Igisubizo kibera mubushyuhe bugera kuri 200 ° C hamwe nigitutu kigera kuri 3000 atm

• LDPE yavuyemo irasohorwa, ikonje, kandi irashishwa

2. Uburyo bwa reaction ya Tubular

• Ethylene n'abayitangije bagaburirwa mumashanyarazi maremare, yoroheje

• Igisubizo kibaho mubushyuhe buri hagati ya 150-300 ° C hamwe nigitutu kigera kuri 3000 atm

• LDPE irasohoka, ikonjeshwa, kandi irashishwa, bisa nuburyo bwa autoclave

Mugihe cyo gukora, inyongeramusaruro zitandukanye hamwe nabahindura birashobora gushyirwaho kugirango bazamure imitungo ya LDPE:

• Antioxydants: Irinda okiside kandi ikongerera ubuzima bwa polymer

• UV Stabilisateur: Irinda LDPE kwangirika kwa UV

• Amabara: Batanga amabara yifuza kubicuruzwa byanyuma

• Plastiseri: Zitezimbere guhinduka no gutunganywa

• Abuzuza: Bagabanya ibiciro kandi bahindura imitungo nkubucucike cyangwa imbaraga

Izi nyongeramusaruro zatoranijwe neza ukurikije porogaramu igenewe nibisabwa biranga imikorere ya LDPE.

Umuvuduko ukabije wa polymerisiyonike no gukoresha inyongeramusaruro zihariye biha LDPE imiterere yihariye. Mu gice gikurikira, tuzasesengura iyi miterere muburyo burambuye.

Ibyiza bya LDPE

LDPE ifite imiterere yihariye yumubiri, imiti, nubushyuhe. Reka twibire muri buri cyiciro hanyuma dusuzume icyatuma iyi plastike ihinduka cyane.

Ibintu bifatika

• Ubucucike : LDPE ifite ubucucike buke buri hagati ya 0.915-0.935 g / cm3. Ibi bituma byoroha kandi byoroshye kubyitwaramo.

• Imbaraga za Tensile : Ifite imbaraga zingana na 8-31 MPa. Mugihe bidakomeye nkibindi bikoresho bya plastiki, birakwiriye kubisabwa byinshi.

• Kurambura : LDPE irashobora kurambura gushika 500% mbere yo kumeneka. Uku kurambura kudasanzwe kwemerera gukoreshwa mubipfunyika byoroshye.

• Guhinduka : Bikomeza guhinduka nubwo haba hari ubushyuhe buke. Uyu mutungo ningirakamaro kubisabwa nko gucupa amacupa.

Ibikoresho bya Shimi

• Kurwanya imiti : LDPE irwanya imiti myinshi, harimo aside, alcool, na base. Ariko, irashobora kwanduzwa ningingo zikomeye za okiside.

• Kurwanya Ubushuhe : Ifite imiterere yinzitizi nziza. Ibi bituma biba byiza gupakira ibicuruzwa bitumva neza.

• UV Kurwanya : LDPE ifite imipaka irwanya UV. Kumara igihe kinini kumirasire yizuba bishobora gutera kwangirika, bityo UV stabilisateur ikongerwamo.

Ibyiza bya Thermal

• Ingingo yo gushonga : Ifite aho ugereranije yo gushonga ya 105-115 ° C. Ibi bituma gutunganya byoroshye no kubumba.

• Kurwanya Ubushyuhe : LDPE irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bugera kuri 80 ° C ubudahwema na 95 ° C mugihe gito. Hejuru yibyo, itangira koroshya no guhindura.

• Kwagura Ubushyuhe : Ifite coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibi bivuze ko yaguka cyane iyo ashyushye n'amasezerano iyo akonje.

Iyi mitungo ituma LDPE ijya guhitamo kubisabwa byinshi. Ihinduka ryayo, imiti irwanya imiti, hamwe nuburyo bworoshye bwo gukora nibyiza cyane.

Mu gice gikurikira, tuzareba bimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi byo gukoresha LDPE mubikorwa bitandukanye.

Ibyiza bya LDPE

Imiterere yihariye ya LDPE isobanura ibyiza byinshi kubikorwa bitandukanye. Reka dusuzume inyungu zingenzi zituma ihitamo gukundwa ninganda.

Umucyo woroshye kandi woroshye

Ubucucike buke bwa LDPE butuma byoroha bidasanzwe. Iyi ninyungu igaragara kubipfunyika, kuko bigabanya ibiciro byubwikorezi kandi byorohereza ibicuruzwa. Byongeye kandi, guhinduka kwa LDPE kwemerera gukoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba gukanda cyangwa kunama, nko gucupa amacupa cyangwa kuvoma byoroshye.

Imbaraga Zingaruka Zinshi

Nubwo imiterere yoroheje, LDPE ifite imbaraga nyinshi zingaruka. Irashobora kwihanganira imbaraga zikomeye zitavunitse cyangwa ngo zimeneke. Ibi bituma biba byiza mubisabwa bisaba kuramba, nkibikoresho byo gukingira cyangwa ibikoresho byo gukiniraho.

Kurwanya Imiti Nziza

LDPE irwanya imiti myinshi, harimo aside, alcool, na base. Iyi miti irwanya imiti ningirakamaro mubisabwa aho plastiki ishobora guhura nibintu bikaze, nko mubipakira imiti cyangwa ibikoresho bya laboratoire.

Ibyiza bya Barrière

LDPE ifite inzitizi nziza yubushyuhe, ituma ibika ibicuruzwa bitumva neza. Yaba ibiryo, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, cyangwa imiti, LDPE ifasha kugumana ubushuhe kandi ikagumana ubusugire bwibintu byapakiwe.

Biroroshye gutunganya no gusubiramo

LDPE yo gushonga hasi hamwe nibintu byiza bitemba byoroha gutunganya ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye, nko gutera inshinge, guhumeka, no gusohora. Byongeye kandi, LDPE iroroshye gukoreshwa. Irashobora gushonga hanyuma ikongera gukoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa bishya, kugabanya ingaruka zibidukikije.

Ikiguzi-Cyiza

Ugereranije nibindi plastiki bifite imitungo isa, LDPE irahendutse. Igiciro cyacyo gito, hamwe nuburyo bwinshi kandi bworoshye bwo gutunganya, bituma ihitamo ikiguzi kubikorwa byinshi.

Izi nyungu zatumye LDPE ijya mubikoresho mubice bitandukanye. Mu gice gikurikira, tuzareba bimwe mubikorwa byihariye aho LDPE imurika.

Ibibi bya LDPE

Mugihe LDPE ifite ibyiza byinshi, ni ngombwa gutekereza no aho igarukira. Ibibi bimwe bigabanya imikoreshereze yabyo.

Imbaraga za Tensile Ntoya ugereranije na HDPE

LDPE ifite imbaraga zo hasi kurenza HDPE. Ibi bivuze ko idashobora kwihanganira imihangayiko cyangwa igitutu mbere yo guhinduka cyangwa kumeneka. Muri porogaramu zisaba imbaraga nyinshi, nkibikoresho bitwara imitwaro, HDPE ikunzwe kuruta LDPE.

Kurwanya Ubushyuhe Buke

Imwe mu mbogamizi nyamukuru ya LDPE ni ukutarwanya ubushyuhe buke. Itangira koroshya no guhindura ubushyuhe hejuru ya 80 ° C. Ibi bigabanya imikoreshereze yabyo irimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, nko mubipfunyika bishyushye cyangwa mubicuruzwa byerekanwe nubushyuhe.

Birashoboka Guhangayikishwa

LDPE ikunda guhangayikishwa cyane cyane iyo ihuye nimiti runaka cyangwa ibidukikije. Imyitwarire ya Stress irashobora gushirwaho mugihe plastiki ihora ihangayitse, bikagabanya ubusugire bwimiterere kandi bishobora gutera kunanirwa.

Umuriro

Kimwe na plastiki nyinshi, LDPE irashya. Irashobora gufata umuriro no gutwika byoroshye, ikarekura imyotsi yangiza. Iyi flammability igabanya imikoreshereze yabyo aho umutekano wumuriro ari ngombwa.

Gukoresha Buke Muri-Ubushyuhe Bukuru

Bitewe no gushonga kwayo hamwe nubushyuhe buke, LDPE ntabwo ikwiranye nubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Ntishobora gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa byerekanwe nubushyuhe bwinshi, nko mubikoresho byo guteka cyangwa ibikoresho.

Mugihe izi ngaruka zishobora kugabanya imikoreshereze ya LDPE mubice bimwe, ni ngombwa kwibuka ko buri kintu gifite imbaraga nintege nke. Urufunguzo ni ugusobanukirwa izi mbogamizi kuburyo ushobora guhitamo ibikoresho byiza kubisabwa byihariye.

Porogaramu ya LDPE

Guhindura LDPE bituma ihitamo gukundwa mu nganda zitandukanye. Reka dusuzume bimwe mubikorwa byingenzi byingenzi.

Gupakira

Mu nganda zipakira, LDPE ikoreshwa kuri:

• Gupakira ibiryo : LDPE irinda ibiryo kandi irwanya ubushuhe. Ikoreshwa mumifuka, pouches, no gupfunyika kugirango ibiryo bigume bishya.

• Gupakira imiti : Kurwanya imiti hamwe nimbogamizi bituma bikenerwa gupakira imiti nibindi bicuruzwa bya farumasi.

• Gupakira amavuta yo kwisiga : Guhinduka kwa LDPE nibyiza kumacupa ashobora gukoreshwa akoreshwa muri shampo, amavuta yo kwisiga, hamwe nandi mavuta yo kwisiga.

Ubuhinzi

LDPE isanga ibyifuzo byinshi mubuhinzi:

• Filime ya Greenhouse : Ikoreshwa mugutwikira pariki, ifasha kubungabunga ibihe byiza bikura.

• Filime ya Mulch : Filime ya LDPE ikwirakwizwa kubutaka kugirango ikureho ibyatsi bibi kandi igumane ubushuhe.

• Imiyoboro yo kuhira : Ihinduka ryayo hamwe n’imiti irwanya imiti ituma bikenerwa no kuvomerera.

Ubwubatsi

Mu nganda zubaka, LDPE ikoreshwa kuri:

• Inzitizi ziva mu myuka : Filime ya LDPE ibuza ubushuhe kwinjira mu nyubako, bikagabanya ibyago byo kubumba no gutemba.

• Ibikoresho byo kubika : Byakoreshejwe nk'igikoresho cyo gukingira ibikoresho.

• Imiyoboro n'ibikoresho : LDPE ihindagurika kandi irwanya imiti ituma biba byiza kubikorwa bimwe na bimwe.

Amashanyarazi na Electronics

LDPE igira uruhare mu nganda z'amashanyarazi na elegitoroniki:

• Umugozi wa insinga : Ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byokoresha insinga z'amashanyarazi kubera imiterere ya dielectric.

• Ipfunyika ry'insinga : Ipfunyika LDPE irinda insinga kwangirika no kwangiza imiti.

• Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bipfunyika : Imiterere yumubyigano wubushuhe butuma bikenerwa gupakira ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroshye.

Ibindi Porogaramu

Ubwinshi bwa LDPE bugera no mubindi bice byinshi:

• Ibikinisho : Byakoreshejwe mugukora ibikinisho bitandukanye bitewe numutekano wacyo kandi biramba.

• Ibikoresho byo murugo : Ibicuruzwa byinshi byo murugo, nko gucupa amacupa nipfundikizo byoroshye, bikozwe muri LDPE.

• Ibikoresho byubuvuzi : Kurwanya imiti no guhinduka bituma bikenerwa mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe byubuvuzi, nko muri tubing na kontineri.

Izi ni nkeya muri progaramu nyinshi aho LDPE imurika. Ihuza ryihariye ryimiterere yabigize ibikoresho byingirakamaro mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.

LDPE n'ibidukikije

Mugihe tugenda turushaho kwita kubidukikije, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ingaruka zibikoresho nka LDPE kuri iyi si yacu.

Gusubiramo LDPE

LDPE irashobora gukoreshwa. Yashyizwe mubikorwa nka # 4 plastike muri sisitemu yo gutunganya. Nyamara, ibikoresho byose byo gutunganya ntibyemera LDPE kubera imbogamizi mugikorwa cyo gutunganya.

Gusubiramo inzira n'ibibazo

Gusubiramo LDPE bikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi:

1. Gukusanya no gutondeka

2. Isuku kugirango ikureho umwanda

3. Gucamo uduce duto

4. Gushonga no gusohora muri pellet

5. Gukora ibicuruzwa bishya biva muri pellet

Inzitizi nyamukuru mugutunganya LDPE ni:

• Kwanduza ibindi bikoresho

• Ingorane zo gutondeka bitewe na kamere yoroheje

• Ibikorwa remezo bigarukira kuri LDPE

Ingaruka ku bidukikije ku musaruro wa LDPE no kujugunya

Umusaruro wa LDPE, kimwe na plastiki nyinshi, ushingiye ku bicanwa biva mu kirere. Ibi bigira uruhare mu myuka ihumanya ikirere n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Iyo LDPE irangiye mumyanda cyangwa ibidukikije, birashobora gufata imyaka amagana kugirango biteshwe. Itera kandi ingaruka ku nyamaswa iyo zinjiye.

Inzira Zirambye Kuri LDPE

Kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije bya LDPE, hategurwa ubundi buryo burambye:

• Bioplastique ikozwe mubikoresho bishobora kuvugururwa nka krahisi y'ibigori

• Ibinyabuzima byangiza plastike bisenyuka vuba mubidukikije

• Sisitemu yongeye gupakira kugirango igabanye plastike imwe

Mugihe ubundi buryo bwerekana amasezerano, nabo bafite aho bagarukira. Bioplastique irashobora guhangana n’umusaruro wibiribwa, kandi plastiki ibora ibinyabuzima bisaba ibihe byihariye kugirango bisenyuke neza. Urufunguzo ni ugushaka kuringaniza inyungu za LDPE no gukenera ibidukikije.

Nkabaguzi nubucuruzi, turashobora gukora itandukaniro na:

• Kugabanya imikoreshereze yacu ya progaramu imwe ya LDPE

• Gusubiramo LDPE igihe cyose bishoboka

• Gushyigikira iterambere no gukoresha ubundi buryo burambye

Mugukorera hamwe, turashobora kugabanya ingaruka zibidukikije za LDPE mugihe tukungukirwa nibintu byingirakamaro.

LDPE na HDPE: Itandukaniro ryingenzi

Mugihe LDPE na HDPE byombi ari plastike ya polyethylene, bifite imitungo itandukanye ituma bikenerwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.

Kugereranya Ubucucike

Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati ya LDPE na HDPE nubucucike bwabo. LDPE ifite ubucucike buri hasi, mubisanzwe kuva kuri 0.915-0.935 g / cm³. Ku rundi ruhande, HDPE, ifite ubucucike buri hejuru, ubusanzwe hagati ya 0.941-0.965 g / cm³. Iri tandukaniro mubucucike ribaha ibiranga bidasanzwe.

Imbaraga no Kuramba

Ubucucike buri hejuru bwa HDPE busobanura imbaraga nigihe kirekire ugereranije na LDPE. Irashobora kwihanganira imihangayiko ningaruka nyinshi idahindutse cyangwa ivunika. Ibi bituma HDPE iba nziza kubisabwa bisaba uburinganire bwimiterere, nkamacupa nu miyoboro.

Guhinduka no gusobanuka

Ubucucike bwa LDPE butanga guhinduka no gukorera mu mucyo. Irashobora kugororwa byoroshye no gukanda bitataye imiterere. Ihindagurika niyo mpamvu LDPE ikoreshwa kenshi mugucupa amacupa no guhinduranya byoroshye. LDPE nayo ifite ubusobanuro bwiza, ituma ikoreshwa mubisabwa aho gukorera mu mucyo.

Porogaramu na Gukoresha

Bitewe nimiterere yabo itandukanye, LDPE na HDPE bikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye:

Porogaramu ya LDPE	HDPE
Kata amacupa	Amata
Gupakira ibiryo	Amacupa yamashanyarazi
Amashashi	Gukata imbaho
Ibipfundikizo byoroshye	Imiyoboro
Gukoresha insinga	Ibigega bya lisansi

Gusubiramo hamwe n'ingaruka ku bidukikije

LDPE na HDPE byombi birashobora gukoreshwa, ariko bikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye. LDPE ishyirwa mubikorwa nka # 4 plastike, naho HDPE ni # 2. HDPE irakoreshwa cyane kandi ifite igipimo cyinshi cyo gutunganya bitewe nubucucike bwayo bwinshi no gutondeka byoroshye. LDPE, kuba yoroshye kandi yoroheje, birashobora kuba ingorabahizi kuyisubiramo.

Ku bijyanye n’ingaruka ku bidukikije, imbaraga za HDPE n’igihe kirekire birashobora gutuma ihitamo igihe kirekire, bikagabanya gusimburwa kenshi. Nyamara, LDPE na HDPE byombi biva mu bicanwa biva mu kirere kandi birashobora kugira uruhare mu bibazo by’ibidukikije iyo bidatunganijwe neza cyangwa ngo bijugunywe neza.

Guhitamo hagati ya LDPE na HDPE biterwa nibisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu. Mugusobanukirwa imiterere yihariye, abayikora barashobora guhitamo ibikoresho bibereye kubicuruzwa byabo.

Umwanzuro

LDPE, cyangwa Polyethylene nkeya, ni plastike itandukanye izwiho guhinduka no kuramba . Ikoreshwa mugupakira , imifuka ya pulasitike , hamwe nibikorwa byinganda . Gusobanukirwa imitungo ya LDPE ifasha muguhitamo ibikoresho bikenewe kubikenewe byihariye.

Mugihe LDPE itanga inyungu nyinshi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ingaruka zidukikije. Gusubiramo LDPE no gushakisha ubundi buryo burambye birashobora gufasha kugabanya ibidukikije.