Plastike ziri hose mubuzima bwacu. Ldpe, cyangwa ubucucike bwa polyethylene, ni plastiki itandukanye kandi yingenzi ikoreshwa munganda nyinshi.
Muriyi nyandiko, uziga ibyo ldpe plastiki nukuntu ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye.
Ni iki?
Ubucucike bwa Polyethylene (LDPE) ni Polymer yo mu mitwe yakomotse kuri Ethylene. Birazwi ko bidasanzwe guhuza guhinduka, gukorera mu mucyo, no gushonga hasi.
Ibigize imiti ya LDPE ni (C2H4) n, aho n byerekana umubare wibice byinteko. Iminyururu ya polymer ifite imiterere yishami, itanga ldpe imitungo yayo itandukanye.
Bimwe byingenzi biranga ldpe birimo:
Guhinduka: Birashobora kurambura byoroshye no kubumbwa
Mu mucyo: Iyemerera urumuri kunyuramo, bigatuma bikwiranye no gupakira neza
Ingingo yo gushonga cyane: irashobora gutunganywa kubushyuhe bwo hasi ugereranije nizindi bwoko bwa polyethlene
LDPE nandi bwoko bwa polyethylene:
| umutungo | ldpe | hdpe | llpe |
| Ubucucike (G / CM3) | 0.915-0.935 | 0.941-0.965 | 0.915-0.925 |
| Imbaraga za Tensile (MPA) | 8-31 | 18-35 | 15-29 |
| Gushonga Ingingo (° C) | 105-115 | 120-140 | 120-130 |
| Mu mucyo | Hejuru | Hasi | Hejuru |
Nkuko bigaragara kumeza, ldpe ifite ubucucike bwo hasi no gushonga ugereranije na hdpe. Itanga kandi gukorera mu mucyo kuruta HDPE. LLDPE isangiye ibintu bisa na ldpe ariko ifite imiterere yumurongo.
Nigute llape ikozwe?
Umusaruro wa LDPE utangirana na Esylene, ibikoresho fatizo bikomoka kuri peteroli. Iyi monomer ireba umuvuduko mwinshi cyane kugirango ukore polymer tuzi nka ldpe.
Igikorwa cyo gukora kirimo uburyo bubiri bwingenzi:
AutoClave Uburyo bwa Reaction
Ethylene yahagaritswe kandi agaburirwa muri autoclave yo hejuru
Abatabiriye nka ogisijeni cyangwa ibinyabuzima kama byongeweho kugirango utangire polymerisation
Imyitwarire ibera ubushyuhe hafi 200 ° C hanyuma ikanguke kugeza kuri ATM 3000
LESES yavuyemo irangiye, ikonje, kandi isumba
Ibituba
Ethylene na batanaho baburiwe muri react ndende, yoroheje
Imyitwarire ibaho ku bushyuhe hagati ya 150-300 ° C hamwe n'ikangu kugeza kuri ATM 3000
Ldpe irazengurutse, ikonje, kandi isumba, isa nuburyo bwa autoclave
Mugihe cyo gutanga umusaruro, inyongeramuzi zitandukanye hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura birashobora kwinjizwa kugirango byongere imitungo ya LDPE:
Antioxidants: Barinda okiside no kwagura ubuzima bwa Polymer
UV Stabilizers: Barinda LDPE kuva UV plegradation
Amabara: Batanga amabara yifuzwa kubicuruzwa byanyuma
Plastizizer: Bitezimbere byoroshye no gutunganya
Filers: Bagabanya ikiguzi no guhindura imitungo nkincumi cyangwa imbaraga
Izi nguzanyo zatoranijwe neza ukurikije porogaramu igenewe kandi isabwa ibiranga ibicuruzwa bya LDPE.
Inzira yumuvuduko mwinshi cyane hamwe no gukoresha inyongeramusaruro zihariye zitanga ldpe imitungo yihariye. Mu gice gikurikira, tuzasesengura iyi mitungo birambuye.
Imitungo ya ldpe
LDPE yirata ihuriro ryihariye ryumubiri, imiti, numutima. Reka twinjire muri buri cyiciro kandi dushakishe icyatuma iyi plastiki itandukanye.
Umutungo
Ubucucike : ldpe ifite ubucucike buke kuva kuri 0.915-0-0.935 g / cm3. Ibi bituma bigira umucyo kandi byoroshye gukora.
Imbaraga za Tensile : Ifite imbaraga za kanseri ya 8-31 MPA. Mugihe udakomeye nkabandi plastiki, birakwiriye kubisabwa byinshi.
Kura : ldpe irashobora kurambura kugeza 500% mbere yo kumena. Uku kurahira bidasanzwe bituma bizakoreshwa mubipfunyika byoroshye.
Guhinduka : birahinduka byoroshye ndetse no mubushyuhe buke. Uyu mutungo ningirakamaro kubisabwa nkinyamanswa.
Imiti
Kurwanya imiti : LDPE irwanya imiti myinshi, harimo aside, alcool, na shingiro. Ariko, birashobora kugira ingaruka kubushake bukomeye bwa okiside.
Ubushuhe bushyushye : Ifite inzitizi nziza nziza. Ibi bituma ari byiza gupakira ibicuruzwa byihuta.
UV Kurwanya UV : LDPE ifite uburyo bwo kurwanya UV. Hafi yo guhura nizuba birashobora kugitera gutesha agaciro, bityo UV stabilizers yongeyeho.
Imiterere yubushyuhe
Gushonga Ingingo : ifite umubare muto wo gushonga 105-115 ° C. Ibi bituma bituma gutunganya byoroshye no kubumba.
Ubushyuhe : ldpe irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe kugeza kuri 80 ° C ubudahwema na 95 ° C kubihe. Hejuru y'ibyo, itangira koroshya no guhindura.
Kwagura ikirere : Ifite ubushyuhe bwo kwagura ubushyuhe. Ibi bivuze ko yaguye cyane mugihe gushyuha kandi amasezerano mugihe dukonje.
Iyi mitungo ikora ldpe kugenda-guhitamo kubisabwa byinshi. Guhinduka, kurwanya imiti, kandi uburyo bworoshye bworoshye ni bwiza cyane.
Mu gice gikurikira, tuzasesengura bimwe mubyiza byingenzi byo gukoresha ldpe mu nganda zinyuranye.
Ibyiza bya ldpe
Imitungo idasanzwe ya LDPE ihindura inyungu nyinshi muburyo butandukanye. Reka dusuzume zimwe murufunguzo rwingenzi rutuma habaho guhitamo kugaragara munganda.
Ikirahure no guhinduka
Ubucucike buke bwa LDPE butuma bugenda neza. Iki nikintu gikomeye cyo gupakira porogaramu, nkuko bigabanya ibiciro byo gutwara no gukora ibicuruzwa byoroshye gukora. Byongeye kandi, Flexpe ya Flixpe impfabusa yemerera gukoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba gukanda cyangwa kunama, nko gukanda amacupa cyangwa igituba cyoroshye.
Imbaraga nyinshi
Nubwo hari kamere yoroheje, ldpe ifite imbaraga nyinshi. Irashobora kwihanganira imbaraga zingenzi zitakaje cyangwa gukata. Ibi bituma bigira intego kubisabwa bisaba kuramba, nko gupakira cyangwa ibikoresho byo gukiniramo.
Kurwanya Chemical Cyical
LDPE irwanya imiti itandukanye, harimo aside, alcool, na shingiro. Iyi miti irwanya ni ngombwa kuri porogaramu aho plastike ishobora guhura nibintu bikaze, nko mubipfunyika byimiti cyangwa ibikoresho bya laboratoire.
Moistriure Barrier Properties
Ldpe ifite indorerezi nziza yubushuhe, bigatuma bikwiranye no gupakira ibicuruzwa bidafite ubuhehere. Byaba ibiryo, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, cyangwa farumasi, ldpe bifasha gukomera no gukomeza ubusugire bwikintu gipakiwe.
Biroroshye gutunganya no gutunganya
Porogaramu yo gushonga hasi hamwe nuburyo bwiza bworoshye bworoshye gutunganya ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye, nko kubumba, guhubuka, no kugaburira. Byongeye kandi, ldpe irasubirwamo. Irashobora gushonga no kongera gukoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa bishya, kugabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije.
Igiciro cyiza
Ugereranije nibindi bikoresho bifite imitungo isa, ldpe irahendutse. Igiciro gito, cyahujwe nibikoresho byacyo no koroshya gutunganya, bituma bihindura amafaranga make kubisabwa.
Izi nyungu zagize ldpe igigendo cyo kujya mumirenge itandukanye. Mu gice gikurikira, tuzasesengura bimwe mubisobanuro byihariye aho ldpe imurika.
Ibibi bya ldpe
Mugihe ldpe ifite ibyiza byinshi, ni ngombwa gutekereza kugarukira. Ibibi bimwe bigabanya imikoreshereze yabyo.
Imbaraga za Tensile zidasanzwe ugereranije na hdpe
Ldpe ifite imbaraga zo hasi kurenza hdpe. Ibi bivuze ko idashobora kwihanganira imihangayiko cyangwa igitutu mbere yo kuyikunda cyangwa kuvunika. Mu porogaramu zisaba imbaraga nyinshi, nk'ikigize cyo gutwara imitwaro, HDPE ikunze gushimishwa hejuru ya ldpe.
Kurwanya Ubushyuhe Bubi
Imwe mu myambaro nyamukuru ya ldpe ni zo ziterwa n'ubushyuhe. Itangira koroshya no guhindura ubushyuhe hejuru ya 80 ° C. Ibi bigabanya imikoreshereze yabyo birimo ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, nko mu gupakira bishyushye cyangwa mu bicuruzwa bihuye n'ubushyuhe.
Korosha guhangayika
Ldpe irakunda guhangayikishwa, cyane cyane iyo ihuye nimiti imwe cyangwa ibintu bishingiye ku bidukikije. Guhangayikishwa birashobora gukora mugihe plastike isanzwe ihangayitse, kugabanya ubusugire bwayo bwubaka kandi bishobora kunanirwa no gutsindwa.
Akaya
Kimwe na plastike nyinshi, ldpe iraka. Irashobora gufata byoroshye umuriro no gutwika, kurekura imyotsi yangiza. Uku gucanwa bigabanya imikoreshereze aho umutekano wumuriro unegura.
Gukoresha ntarengwa mugutanga ubushyuhe bwinshi
Bitewe no gushonga hasi no kurwanya ubushyuhe buke, ldpe ntabwo ikwiriye gusaba ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ntishobora gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa byerekanwe nubushyuhe bwinshi, nko muguteka ibikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho.
Mugihe ibi bibi bishobora kugabanya imikoreshereze ya LDPE mubice bimwe, ni ngombwa kwibuka ko ibikoresho byose bifite imbaraga nintege nke zayo. Icyangombwa nuguhuza izi mbogamizi kugirango ubashe guhitamo ibikoresho byiza kuri porogaramu yawe yihariye.
Gusaba LDPE
Imikino ya LDPE ituma ihitamo rikunzwe mu nganda zitandukanye. Reka dusuzume bimwe mubisabwa.
Gupakira
Mu nganda zipaki, ldpe ikoreshwa kuri:
Gupakira ibiryo : ldpe ni ibiryo bifite umutekano no kwirwanaho. Ikoreshwa kumifuka, gukubita, no kuzinga kugirango ibiryo bishya.
Gupakira imiti : Kurwanya imiti ninzitizi bituma bikwiranye no gupakira imiti hamwe nibindi bicuruzwa bya farumasi.
Kwirukana kwisiga : Guhinduka kwa LDPE nibyiza kumacupa yijimye akoreshwa kuri shampoos, amavuta, nibindi byo kwisiga.
Ubuhinzi
Ldpe ibona ibyifuzo byinshi mubuhinzi:
PlandaHouse Films : Byakoreshejwe mugupfuka ibyatsi, bifasha gukomeza kwiyongera kwimiterere.
Filime ya Mulch : Filime zikwirakwira ku butaka kugirango uhagarike urubyaro nogumana ubushuhe.
Imiyoboro yo kuhira : Guhinduka no kurwanya imiti bituma bikwiranye no kuvomera no kuhira.
Kubaka
Mu nganda zubwubatsi, ldpe irakoreshwa kuri:
Inzitizi z'abagore : Film Film irinde ubushuhe kwinjira mu nyubako, bigabanya ibyago byo kubumba no gutonga.
Ibikoresho byo kwikinisha : Byakoreshejwe nk'ubufatanye bukingira ibikoresho byo kwikinisha.
Imiyoboro hamwe na fittings : Guhinduka kwa LDPE hamwe no kurwanya imiti bituma byaba byiza kubisabwa.
Amashanyarazi na elegitoroniki
Ldpe igira uruhare mu nganda z'amashanyarazi n'itodogi:
Insulation insilas : ikoreshwa nkibintu bifatika byamashanyarazi bitewe nubuzima bwayo.
Amavuta yo kwigomeka : Itundenga rya LDPE ririnda abrasion na kwangirika kwimiti.
Ibice bya elegitoroniki bipakiye : Inzitizi zayo zoroheje zituma zikwirakwira gushinja ibintu bya elegitoroniki.
Ibindi bikorwa
Guhinduranya kwa ldpe bigera ku tundi turere twinshi:
Ibikinisho : Byakoreshejwe mugukora ibice bitandukanye byibiyikinisha kubera umutekano no kuramba.
Ibintu byo murugo : Ibicuruzwa byinshi byo murugo, nkibicupa byamacupa no gupfungamo, bikozwe kuva ldpe.
Ibikoresho byo kuvura : Kurwanya imiti no guhinduka bituma bikwiranye na porogaramu zimwe na zimwe z'ubuvuzi, nko gukubita n'ibikoresho.
Ibi ni bike mubisabwa byinshi aho llape irabagirana. Ubusanzwe guhuza imitungo yabigizemo ibikoresho byingenzi mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.
Ldpe n'ibidukikije
Mugihe duhinduka ibibi byibidukikije, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ingaruka zibikoresho nka ldpe ku isi yacu.
Recyclability ya ldpe
Ldpe irasubirwamo. Byashyizwe mubyiciro nka # 4 plastike muri sisitemu yo gusubiramo. Ariko, ibikoresho byose byo gutunganya byose byemera ldpe kubera ibibazo muburyo bwo gutunganya.
Gutunganya inzira n'ibibazo
Gutunganya ldpe bikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi:
Gukusanya no gutondeka
Gusukura kugirango ukureho umwanda
Gushira mu gaciro gato
Gushonga no kuzimya pellet
Gukora ibicuruzwa bishya kuri pellet ya recycle
Inzitizi nyamukuru mugusubiramo ldpe ni:
Kwanduza ibindi bikoresho
Ingorane zo gutondeka kubera imiterere yoroheje
Ibikorwa remezo bigarukira kuri ldpe
Ingaruka y'ibidukikije ya LDPA umusaruro no kujugunya
Umusaruro wa ldpe, nka plastike nyinshi, shingira ku bihangano by'ibinyabuzima. Ibi bigira uruhare mu cyuho cya Greenhouse hamwe n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere. Iyo ldpe irangiza mumyanda cyangwa ibidukikije, irashobora gufata imyaka amagana kugirango watesheze. Bitera kandi ingaruka kubinyabuzima niba byangiritse.
Ubundi buryo burambye kuri ldpe
Kugabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije ya ldpe, ubundi buryo burambye burimo gutezwa imbere:
Bioplastike ikozwe mubikoresho bishobora kuvugururwa nkikinyagisiri
Plastishi ya biodegradable isenya vuba mubidukikije
Sisitemu yo gupakira uburyo bwo kugabanya ikoreshwa rimwe
Mugihe abundi buryo bugaragaza amasezerano, nabo bafite aho bagarukira. Ibinyabuzima birashobora guhatana umusaruro wibiribwa, kandi plastikiodegrafiya isaba ibihe byihariye kugirango bicike intege neza. Urufunguzo ni ugukoresha uburinganire hagati yinyungu za LDPE nibikenewe birambye kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Nkabaguzi nubucuruzi, dushobora kugira icyo duhindura:
Kugabanya imikoreshereze yimikoreshereze imwe ya LDPE
Gusubiramo ldpe igihe cyose bishoboka
Gushyigikira iterambere no gukoresha ubundi buryo burambye
Mugukorera hamwe, turashobora kugabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije ya ldpe mugihe tugifite kungukirwa nimitungo yayo yingirakamaro.
LDPE na HDPE: Itandukaniro ryingenzi
Mugihe rero ldpe na hdpe ni plastike ya positylene, bafite imitungo itandukanye ituma bakwiriye gusaba bitandukanye.
Ubucucike
Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati ya ldpe na Hdpe ni ubucucike bwabo. Ldpe ifite ubucucike bwo hasi, mubisanzwe kuva kuri 0.915-0-0.935 g / cm⊃3 ;. HDPE, kurundi ruhande, ifite ubucucike buhebuje, mubisanzwe hagati ya 0.941-0.965 g / cm⊃3 ;. Iri tandukaniro mu bucugaba ibaha ibintu bidasanzwe.
Imbaraga n'imbara
Ubucucike bwa HDPE busobanura imbaraga nyinshi kandi iramba ugereranije na ldpe. Irashobora kwihanganira imihangayiko yo hejuru ningaruka nta gushushanya cyangwa kuvunika. Ibi bituma HDPE isobanutse kubisabwa bisaba ubunyangamugayo bwimiterere, nkamacupa n'imiyoboro.
Guhinduka no gusobanuka
Ubucucike bwo hasi bwa LDPE burabahinduka cyane no gukorera mu mucyo. Irashobora kunanuka byoroshye kandi ikanyerera nta gutakaza imiterere yayo. Iyi mpinduka nimpamvu ldpe ikunze gukoreshwa mugukanda amacupa no gukanda byoroshye. Ldpe kandi ifite ibisobanuro neza, bigatuma iba isaba aho gukorera mu mucyo.
Gusaba no gukoresha
Bitewe nibintu byabo bitandukanye, ldpe na hdpe bikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye:
| LDPE Porogaramu | Porogaramu HDPE |
| Amacupa | Amata |
| Gupakira ibiryo | Amacupa |
| Imifuka ya pulasitike | Gukata imbaho |
| Umupfundikizo | Imiyoboro |
| Intsinzi | Ibigega bya lisansi |
Gutunganya no kurwara ibidukikije
Byombi ldpe na hdpe birasubirwamo, ariko basubiwemo ukundi. Ldpe irashyizwe ahagaragara nka # 4 plastike, mugihe hdpe ni # 2. HDPE irasubirwamo cyane kandi ifite igipimo kinini cyo gusubiramo kubera ubucucike bwo hejuru no gutondeka byoroshye. Ldpe, kuba byoroheje kandi byoroshye, birashobora kuba ingorabahizi.
Ku bijyanye n'ingaruka z'ibidukikije, imbaraga zo hejuru ya HDPA n'imbaro zirashobora kuyigira inzira ndende, kugabanya ibikenewe gusimburwa kenshi. Ariko, yose na HDPE ikomoka mubintu byibinyabuzima kandi birashobora gutanga umusanzu mubibazo byibidukikije niba bidasubirwamo neza cyangwa bijugunywe.
Guhitamo hagati ya ldpe na HDPE biterwa nibisabwa byihariye. Mugusobanukirwa numutungo wabo wihariye, abakora barashobora guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye kubicuruzwa byabo.
Umwanzuro
Ldpe, cyangwa ubucucike bwa polyethylene, ni plastike izwiho guhinduka no kuramba . Byakoreshejwe mugupakira , imifuka ya pulasitike , hamwe ninganda . Gusobanukirwa imitungo ya Goldpe ifasha muguhitamo ibikoresho byiza kubikenewe byihariye.
Mugihe LDPE itanga inyungu nyinshi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije. Gusubiramo ldpe no gushakisha ubundi buryo burambye birashobora gufasha kugabanya ikirenge cyayo.
