BPA ni iki kandi Nigute igira ingaruka mubipfunyika?

Wigeze wibaza ku mutekano wa plastiki ukoreshwa mu gupakira ibiryo? BPA, cyangwa bispenol A, ni imiti ikunze kuboneka mubicuruzwa byinshi bya plastiki. Mu myaka yashize, hagaragaye impungenge z’ingaruka zishobora guteza ubuzima ziterwa no guhura na BPA.

Gusobanukirwa BPA icyo aricyo nuburyo ishobora kugira ingaruka kumahitamo yawe ni ingenzi kubakoresha ndetse nababikora. Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzasesengura ibintu by'ingenzi bya BPA, harimo no gukoresha ibikoresho byo gupakira, ingaruka zishobora kubaho ku buzima, n'ubundi buryo bwo gusuzuma.

BPA ni iki?

BPA igereranya iki?
BPA isobanura Bisphenol A. Ni imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora plastiki na resin. Iyi sintetike yububiko izwiho ubushobozi bwo gukomera no gushimangira ibikoresho.

Imiterere yimiti ya BPA
BPA ningingo ngengabihe. Ifite amatsinda abiri ya fenol, ikora igice cya diphenylmethane. Iyi mitungo iha BPA ubushobozi bwo gukora plastike ikomeye, idashobora kwihanganira hamwe na epoxy resin ikora neza.

Imikoreshereze yamateka niterambere rya BPA mubikorwa byinganda
BPA yashizwemo bwa mbere mumwaka wa 1891 numuhanga mubya shimi w’Uburusiya Aleksandr Dianin. Ariko, gukoresha inganda byatangiye mu 1950. BPA yabanje gukoreshwa mugukora epoxy resin na plastiki ya polyakarubone. Ibi bikoresho wasangaga bikoreshwa cyane kubera kuramba no gusobanuka. Mu myaka ya za 1960, BPA yabaye ikintu gisanzwe mubicuruzwa bitandukanye byabaguzi.

Imikoreshereze rusange ya BPA

Amashanyarazi ya polikarubone
Amashanyarazi ya polikarubone, yakozwe na BPA, azwiho imbaraga no gukorera mu mucyo. Iyi plastiki ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byinshi nk'amacupa y'amazi, amacupa y'abana ya pulasitike, n'ibikoresho byo kurya. Zikoreshwa kandi mugukora ibirahure byumutekano hamwe na lens optique.

Epoxy resin
Epoxy resin irimo BPA ikoreshwa nkimyenda ikingira. Bakunze kuboneka batondekanye imbere yibiribwa n'ibinyobwa. Epoxy resin irinda kwangirika no kwanduza, ikongerera igihe cyibicuruzwa. Zikoreshwa kandi mubidodo by'amenyo.

Ibicuruzwa bisanzwe birimo BPA
Ibintu byinshi bya buri munsi birimo BPA bitewe nuburyo butandukanye:

• Amacupa y'amazi ya siporo : Kuramba kandi birwanya ingaruka.

• Amacupa yumwana nibikombe bya sippy : Amateka yakozwe na BPA kubwimbaraga no gusobanuka.

• Imiyoboro y'amazi : Kwihangana kwa BPA bituma biba byiza kubikoresha.

• Ikidodo c'amenyo : Ikoreshwa mukuvura amenyo kugirango urinde amenyo kubora.

BPA muri plastiki no gupakira

Amacupa ya plastike nibikoresho
BPA yiganje mubicuruzwa byinshi bya plastiki. Amacupa yamazi ya plastike nibikoresho byibiryo akenshi birimo BPA. Imiti ifasha kugumana ubusugire no kuramba kwibicuruzwa.

Ibikoresho byo gupakira ibiryo
BPA ikoreshwa mubipfunyika ibiryo kugirango umutekano wibicuruzwa. Irinda kwanduza kandi ikabungabunga ubwiza bwibiryo. Ariko, BPA irashobora kwishora mubiribwa n'ibinyobwa, bikangiza ubuzima. Iyi mpungenge yatumye habaho kwiyongera muburyo butandukanye bwa BPA.

Kumenya BPA mubipfunyika

Nigute Wamenya BPA irimo Plastike

Kongera gukoresha kode hamwe nibimenyetso
Gusobanukirwa kode ya recycling nibyingenzi kugirango umenye plastike irimo BPA. Buri kintu cya plastiki cyanditseho kodegisi, mubisanzwe iboneka munsi yibicuruzwa. Dore kode zingenzi kugirango turebe:

• Plastike yanditseho kode 1, 2, 4, 5, cyangwa 6 : Mubisanzwe bifatwa nkubusa BPA. Urashobora gukoresha neza ibyo kubika ibiryo n'ibinyobwa.

• Plastike yanditseho kode 3 na 7 : Ibi birashobora kuba birimo BPA keretse byashyizweho ukundi. Witondere mugihe ukoresheje plastiki, cyane cyane kubiryo.

Ibirango bya BPA bidafite ibyemezo hamwe nimpamyabushobozi
Ababikora bagenda baranga ibicuruzwa byabo nka BPA. Shakisha ibirango cyangwa ibimenyetso byerekana 'BPA-yubusa ' kubipakira. Ibirango bitanga ibyiringiro ko ibicuruzwa bitarimo BPA. Ibirango bizwi akenshi birimo amakuru ya BPA kurubuga rwabo cyangwa paji yibicuruzwa.

Inama zo kumenya ibicuruzwa bitarimo BPA mububiko
Mugihe ugura, kurikiza izi nama kugirango ubone ibicuruzwa bidafite BPA:

1. Reba kodegisi ikoreshwa : Irinde plastike yanditseho kode ya 3 na 7 keretse niba zashyizweho ikimenyetso cya BPA.

2. Reba ibirango bidafite BPA : Ibicuruzwa byinshi bivuga neza ko ari BPA.

3. Ubushakashatsi ku kirango : Ababikora bizewe mubisanzwe batanga amakuru arambuye kubicuruzwa byabo BPA kubuntu kumurongo.

4. Reba ubundi buryo : Hitamo ibirahuri cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ingese mugihe bishoboka, kuko ibyo bikoresho ntabwo birimo BPA.

Ingero za BPA-Ibicuruzwa birimo

Urutonde rurambuye rwibicuruzwa bishobora kuba birimo BPA
BPA ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye bitewe nigihe kirekire kandi ikora neza. Hano hari ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bishobora kuba birimo BPA:

• Gupakira ibiryo : Ibiryo byafunzwe, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki, n'amacupa y'amazi akenshi birimo BPA.

• Ibicuruzwa byubuzima nubwiza : Amacupa amwe yo kwisiga, ibikoresho bya shampoo, hamwe nububiko bwo kwisiga bishobora kuba birimo BPA.

• Imikoreshereze yinganda : BPA ikoreshwa mugukora imiyoboro yamazi nubwoko bumwebumwe bwibikoresho byo kubika.

Ingero zihariye ziva mu nganda zitandukanye

• Gupakira ibiryo : Ibicuruzwa byinshi byabitswe bifite epoxy resin linings irimo BPA. Ibi birimo ibintu nk'isupu, imboga, n'ibinyobwa.

• Ubuzima nubwiza : BPA iboneka mubintu bimwe na bimwe bya pulasitike yo kwisiga, shampo, nibindi bicuruzwa byita ku muntu.

• Inganda zikoreshwa mu nganda : BPA ikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho bya pulasitiki biramba, nk'imiyoboro y'amazi hamwe no gukingira.

Ibibazo byubuzima bifitanye isano na BPA

Ingaruka rusange zubuzima

Incamake yibibazo byubuzima bifitanye isano na BPA guhura na
BPA guhura nibibazo bitandukanye byubuzima. Iyi miti yigana estrogene, ihagarika imikorere isanzwe ya hormone. Irashobora kugira ingaruka kuri sisitemu nyinshi mumubiri, biganisha kubibazo bikomeye byubuzima.

Uburyo BPA yinjira mubiribwa n'ibinyobwa
BPA irashobora kwinjira mubiribwa n'ibinyobwa biva muri kontineri. Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane kumacupa yamazi ya plastike hamwe nibikoresho byokurya. Gushyushya ibyo bikoresho byongera BPA. Iyo BPA yanduye ibiryo, biganisha ku kuribwa no kwinjizwa, bigatera ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima.

Ingaruka zihariye zubuzima

Guhagarika imisemburo (kwigana estrogene)
BPA ikora nka endocrine ihungabanya. Ihuza reseptor ya estrogene, yigana ingaruka za hormone. Ibi birashobora gutuma habaho ubusumbane bwimisemburo no guhagarika imikorere isanzwe yumubiri.

Ingaruka ku burumbuke ku bagabo no ku bagore
BPA ihura n'ingaruka ku burumbuke haba ku bagabo no ku bagore. Ku bagabo, irashobora kugabanya urugero rwa testosterone no kugabanya ubwiza bwintanga. Ku bagore, BPA irashobora guhungabanya imisemburo ya hormone, bikagira ingaruka ku bwiza bw amagi no kuyitera. Izi mpinduka zirashobora gutuma uburumbuke bugabanuka no gutwita.

Guhuza umubyibuho ukabije, indwara z'umutima, na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2
BPA bifitanye isano n'umubyibuho ukabije n'indwara ya metabolike. Irashobora guhungabanya uburyo umubiri ugenga uburemere nububiko bwamavuta. Guhura na BPA bifitanye isano no kwiyongera kwindwara z'umutima na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Ingaruka yimiti igabanya imisemburo na metabolisme irashobora kugira uruhare muri ibi bihe.

Indwara zishobora gutera kanseri
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana isano iri hagati yo guhura na BPA na kanseri zimwe. BPA irashobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere, prostate, na ovarian. Irashobora guhindura imikurire niterambere, biganisha kumpinduka za kanseri.

Ingaruka kumikurire yubuzima nubuzima bwabana
BPA guhura nibibi byangiza cyane kubyara no kubana. Irashobora kwambuka insina kandi ikagira ingaruka kumikurire. BPA guhura na utero bifitanye isano nibibazo byiterambere nibibazo byubuzima nyuma mubuzima. Abana bahuye na BPA barashobora guhura ningaruka ziterwa numubyibuho ukabije, indwara ziterwa na metabolike, hamwe nubusumbane bwimisemburo.

BPA mu gupakira ibiryo n'ibinyobwa

Impamvu BPA ikoreshwa mugupakira ibiryo

Inyungu za BPA mugupakira
BPA ikoreshwa cyane mubipfunyika ibiryo kubera ibyiza byayo. Itanga kuramba no kurwanya kumeneka , bigatuma biba byiza kubintu bikeneye kwihanganira imikorere ikaze. BPA igira kandi uruhare mu kumvikana kwa plastiki, ifite akamaro ku bicuruzwa nk'amacupa y'amazi ya plastiki n'ibikoresho by'ibiribwa.

• Kuramba : BPA ifasha kurema ibikoresho bya plastiki bikomeye, birebire.

• Kurwanya kumena : Ibicuruzwa birimo BPA ntibishobora gucika cyangwa kumeneka.

• Ibisobanuro : BPA igira uruhare muburyo bugaragara mubintu byinshi bya plastiki.

Ibintu bisanzwe bipakira ibiryo birimo BPA
BPA biboneka mubintu bitandukanye bipakira ibiryo. Muri byo harimo:

• Ibiryo byafunzwe : BPA ikoreshwa mugutondekanya ibyuma kugirango birinde kwangirika no kwanduza.

• Ibikoresho bya plastiki : Ibikoresho byinshi bibika ibiryo n'amacupa ya plastike arimo BPA.

• Ibicupa : Amacupa yumwana hamwe nigikombe cya sippy akenshi bifite BPA kugirango irebe ko biramba kandi bisobanutse.

Amabwiriza ya FDA n'imyitwarire kuri BPA

Incamake y'amabwiriza ya FDA ku ikoreshwa rya BPA mu gupakira
FDA yasuzumye cyane umutekano wa BPA. Bavuga ko urwego rwa BPA muri iki gihe mu gupakira ibiryo rufite umutekano ku baguzi. Ariko, impungenge zijyanye no guhura na BPA, cyane cyane ku mpinja n’abana bato, byatumye habaho impinduka mu mabwiriza.

Impinduka ziheruka nubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa
Mu mwaka wa 2012, FDA yabujije BPA mu macupa y’abana n’ibikombe bya sippy kubera intege nke z’abana bato guhura na BPA. Ubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa bukomeje gusuzuma ingaruka zishobora guteza ubuzima bwa BPA. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekana ko no kurwego rwo hasi rwa BPA rushobora kwangiza, biganisha ku guhamagarira amategeko akomeye.

Kugereranya amabwiriza mubihugu bitandukanye
Ibihugu bitandukanye bifite imyumvire itandukanye kumikoreshereze ya BPA. Mu gihe FDA ikomeza ivuga ko urwego rwa BPA mu mikoreshereze ya none rufite umutekano, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi wafashe ingamba zo kwirinda, uhagarika BPA mu macupa y’abana kandi ugabanya urwego rwemewe mu bindi bikoresho byo guhuza ibiryo. Kanada yatangaje ko BPA ari uburozi kandi yabujije kuyikoresha mu macupa y’abana.

Ibindi kuri BPA mubipakira

BPA idafite plastike

Ibisanzwe BPA isimbura
Ababikora bakoze iterambere rya BPA kugirango bakore plastike idafite BPA. Ubundi buryo busanzwe burimo BPS (Bisphenol S) na BPF (Bisphenol F). Ibi bisimburwa bikoreshwa mubicuruzwa bitandukanye kugirango bikomeze kuramba nta BPA irimo.

Ibyiza nibibi bya plastiki ya BPA idafite
plastike BPA idafite isoko igurishwa nkuburyo butandukanye. Batanga inyungu zisa kuri BPA, nkimbaraga no gukorera mu mucyo. Ariko, hari impungenge zumutekano wabo ningirakamaro.

• Ibyiza :

• Igumana ibicuruzwa biramba kandi bisobanutse.

• Kugabanya abaguzi guhura na BPA.

• Ibibi :

• BPS na BPF bifite imiterere yimiti isa na BPA.

• Ingaruka zishobora kubaho kubuzima zirashobora kubaho hamwe nabasimbuye.

• Ubushakashatsi buke kumutekano muremure wa BPS na BPF.

Impungenge z'umutekano hamwe nubundi buryo bwa BPA
Nubwo plastike idafite BPA ari intambwe igana imbere, ntishobora kuba idafite ingaruka rwose. Ubushakashatsi bugaragara bwerekana ko BPS na BPF zishobora kandi kwigana estrogene no guhagarika imikorere ya hormone. Ibi byatumye impaka zikomeza zerekeye umutekano wabo.

Ibindi bitari plastike

Ibikoresho by'ibirahuri
Ikirahure nikindi kizwi kitari plastiki. Iramba, irashobora gukoreshwa, kandi idafite BPA nindi miti yangiza. Ibikoresho by'ibirahure nibyiza kubika ibiryo n'ibinyobwa.

Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda nubundi buryo bwizewe. Ikoreshwa mumacupa yamazi, ibikoresho byokurya, nuducupa twabana. Ibyuma bidafite ingese biraramba, ntibisohora imiti, kandi byoroshye kuyisukura.

Ikarito nibikoresho bishobora kwangirika
Kubashaka amahitamo yangiza ibidukikije, ikarito nibikoresho biodegradable ni amahitamo meza. Ibi bikoresho bigenda bikoreshwa mugupakira ibiryo kandi bitanga ubundi buryo burambye bwa plastiki. Bafite umutekano wo guhura nibiryo kandi bifasha kugabanya ingaruka zibidukikije.

Inama zo kugabanya BPA Kumurika

Impanuro zifatika kubaguzi
Abaguzi barashobora gufata ingamba nyinshi kugirango bagabanye BPA:

• Irinde gushyushya plastike : BPA irekura byinshi mugihe plastiki zishyushye. Koresha ibirahuri cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ingese kubiryo bishyushye n'ibinyobwa.

• Reba kodegisi ikoreshwa : Hitamo ibicuruzwa byanditseho kodegisi 1, 2, 4, 5, cyangwa 6.

• Hitamo ibicuruzwa bitarimo BPA : Reba ibirango byerekana BPA kubikoresho byibiribwa n'amacupa yamazi.

Ibyifuzo byo guhitamo gupakira neza
Kugira ngo urusheho kugabanya imikoreshereze ya BPA, tekereza kuri ubu buryo bwo gupakira neza:

• Amacupa y’amazi cyangwa ibirahure byamazi : Ibi ni BPA kandi ntibisohora imiti.

• BPA idafite plastike : Niba uhisemo plastike, menya neza ko yanditseho nka BPA.

• Koresha ubundi buryo : Hitamo ikarito cyangwa ibikoresho biodegradable byo gupakira mugihe bihari.

Guhitamo amakuru yerekeye gupakira birashobora kugabanya cyane guhura na BPA nindi miti yangiza. Muguhitamo ubundi buryo bwa BPA butarimo plastike, urashobora kwemeza guhunika ibiryo neza kandi ukagira uruhare mubuzima bwiza.

Incamake

Muri iyi ngingo, twasuzumye BPA icyo ari cyo n'ingaruka zayo mu gupakira. Twaganiriye ku mikoreshereze ya BPA muri plastiki n’ibisigara, ingaruka z’ubuzima, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa bisanzwe birimo BPA. Twarebye kandi amabwiriza ya FDA hamwe nubundi buryo bwizewe nka plastiki idafite BPA, ibirahure, nicyuma.

Gusobanukirwa BPA bifasha abakiriya gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kubijyanye no gupakira. Guhitamo BPA idafite amahitamo arambye birashobora kugabanya ingaruka zubuzima ningaruka ku bidukikije.

U-nuo Gupakira ibintu byose bya pulasitike bikozwe hifashishijwe plastiki idafite BPA.