Ubwoko bwo gupakira hamwe no gukoresha ikunzwe

Wari uzi ko gusimbuka kwa plastiki ni umugongo winganda zipakishwa? Ibi bikoresho bifatika bikoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa bitabarika dukoresha buri munsi, uhereye kumacupa y'ibinyobwa kuri kontineri. Ariko mubyukuri ibyo byerekana neza, kandi bikozwe gute?

Muri iyi nyandiko, uziga ubwoko butandukanye bwibisubizo bya plastiki, uko byakozwe, hamwe no gukoresha imikoreshereze mugupakira mu nganda.

Isuka ya plastike ni iki?

Postikes resin nibintu byubukorikori bikora nk'intangiriro yo gukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya plastike. Ninkaho inyubako yinganda za plastiki.

Ibisobanuro bya plastiki

Ibisohoka bya plastiki bikozwe mubice kama biva muri peteroli, gaze kamere, cyangwa amakara. Nibikomeye, ibintu bitoroshye bishobora kubumbwa muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.

Inzira yo gukora resiver ya pulasitike

Urugendo kuva Hydrocarbons mbisi kuri plastiki isigaye ikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi:

1. Gucikamo : Hydrocarbone ni 'yacitse ' ukoresheje ubushyuhe, kubavunamo muri molekile nto nka rosylene na propaylene.

2. Polymeration : Iyi molekile ntoya ihujwe muminyururu ndende yitwa polymers. Guhuza bitandukanye bituma ubwoko butandukanye bwa plastike hamwe nibintu bidasanzwe.

3. Inzobere : Ibintu nkakoperative, UV Stabaters, na plastistizers byongewe kugirango byongere imikorere ya resin.

Resisiyo karemano na resins ya plastiki

Mugihe ibisohokanye na plastike ni synthique, resins karemano ituruka mubihingwa n'udukoko. Ibi binyejana bya SAP na SHELLAC, byakoreshejwe mu binyejana byinshi ariko ntibyari bihuje ibintu bya pulasitike.

Kuva Mubikoresho bibisi kugirango Byarangiye

Ibisohoka bya plastiki ni ibikoresho fatizo. Mubisanzwe bagurishwa muburyo bwa pellet nto cyangwa amasaro. Abakora bashonga kandi bagahinduranya pellet mubicuruzwa byanyuma bya plastike dukoresha buri munsi, uhereye kubipfunyitsa ibikinisho nibice byimodoka.

Ubwoko bwibicuruzwa bya plastiki nibiranga

Noneho ko tuzi ibyo pulasitike ni, reka dusuzume ubwoko butandukanye bukoreshwa mugupakira. Buri resin ifite urutonde rwihariye rwimitungo ituma ibereye gusaba byihariye.

Ubwoko bwingenzi bwingenzi bwa pulasitike

1. Polyethylene Terephthalate (Pet cyangwa Pete)

2. Ubucucike bwa Polyethylene (HDPE)

3. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

4. Ubucucike bwa Polyethylene (LDPE)

5. PolyproPylene (pp)

6. Polystyrene (PS)

7. Ibindi / Dutandukanye

Ibi bicuruzwa bigaragazwa na code zabo zo gutunganya, uzasanga hepfo yibikoresho bya plastiki. Reka dusuzume neza buri kimwe.

1. Polyethylene Terephthalate (amatungo cyangwa Pete)

Ibintu	bisanzwe bikoresha	ibikoresho byo kwisiga bikoresha
Umucyo	Amacupa y'ibinyobwa	Ibibindi byo kwisiga
Ikomeye	Ibibindi	Amacupa ya Toner
Birasobanutse	Imitekerereze mi mi mickigwable	Amacupa ya parufe
Inzitizi nziza kurwanya ogisijeni nubushuhe

Amatungo ni amahitamo akunzwe kubiryo, ibinyobwa, no kwisiga bikabije kuko aribyo, bikomeye, kandi mucyo. Itanga kandi inzitizi nziza kugirango irinde ibirimo bishya.

2. Indwara yo hejuru ya Polyethylene (HDPE)

Ibintu	bisanzwe bikoresha	ibikoresho byo kwisiga bikoresha
Ikomeye	Amata	Amacupa ya Shampoo
Imiti-irwanya	Amacupa	Amacupa ya konderitioner
Bisobanutse kuri opaque	Amashashi yo Guhaha	Gukaraba umubiri
		Amacupa yo kwisiga

HDPE izwi ku mbaraga no kurwanya imiti. Byakoreshejwe mugupakira urugo nibicuruzwa byita kugiti cyawe kandi birashobora guhinduka cyangwa bidasobanutse.

3. PHLYVIYL CHLORIDE (PVC)

Ibisanzwe	bikoresha	ibikoresho byo kwisiga bikoresha
Ikomeye	BLister Packs	Gupakira
Ikirere-kirwanya	Clamshells	Amacupa ya Shampoo
Irashobora gukomera cyangwa guhinduka	Kugwa	Ibituba byo kwisiga
	Deli gupfunyika

PVC ni resiti irenga ishobora gukomera cyangwa guhinduka. Imbaraga zayo no kurwanya ikirere bituma byaba byiza byo gupakira bigomba kwihanganira ibintu. Munganda zo kwisiga, ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gupakira.

4. Ubucucike bwa polyethylene (ldpe)

imiterere	isanzwe ikoresha	cosmetic inganda zikoresha
Byoroshye	Amacupa	Ibituba byo kwisiga
Bikomeye	Imifuka yumugati	Amacupa ya cosmetic
Ugereranije	Imifuka yumye	Amavuta yo guhanga
Ubushyuhe bwiza	Kugwa

Ldpe izwiho guhinduka no gukomera. Bikoreshwa kenshi mugukanda amacupa, imiyoboro, numufuka bigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso nubushyuhe munganda zo kwisiga.

5. Polypropylene (pp)

imiterere	isanzwe ikoresha	ibikoresho byo kwisiga bikoresha
Ingingo yoroheje	Icupa	Ubupfura bwo kwisiga
Kurwanya imiti	Gukunda	Amashanyarazi meza
Bisobanutse muburyo bwa firime	Amacupa yubuvuzi	Gukora Palettes
	Yogurt Tubs

PP ifite ingingo yo gushonga cyane hamwe no kurwanya imiti myiza. Bikunze gukoreshwa mugupakira ibiryo, ibikoresho byo kwisiga, nimpinga bigomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.

6. PS) POLYSTYRENE (PS)

Ibisanzwe	Gukoresha	Inganda zo kwisiga zikoresha
Birasobanutse	Ibikombe byashoboka	Cosmetic condacts
Biragoye	Imikasi	Gukora Palettes
Insinga	Ibikoresho bya Clamshell	Inzira zo kwisiga
Ingingo yo gushonga
AMASOKO YIZA

PS izwiho gusobanuka n'amatungo yo kwishyuza. Byakunze gukoreshwa mugupakira ibiryo no kwisiga no guhuriza hamwe.

7. Ibindi / Dutandukanye

Iki cyiciro kirimo gusiba nka Polycarbonate, Acrylic, Nylon, Nylon, na plastike nshya biremereye bio. Bafite imitungo itandukanye hamwe na porogaramu bitewe nibigize. Munganda zo kwisiga, ibyo resik irashobora gukoreshwa mugupakira yihariye cyangwa ibishushanyo bidasanzwe.

Gukoresha ikoreshwa rya plastike mu gupakira

Noneho ko twasuzumye ubwoko butandukanye bwibisohokamo bya plastiki, reka turebe uko bakoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gupakira. Biturutse ku biryo n'ibinyobwa byo kwisiga no kwisiga na farumasi, uruganda rwa plastike rugira uruhare rukomeye mu kurinda no kubungabunga ibicuruzwa.

Gupakira ibiryo

Ibisohoka bya plastike ni ngombwa kugirango tugumire ibiryo bishya kandi bifite umutekano. Bakoreshwa mubikoresho byombi bikabije nibipfunyika byoroshye.

Ibikoresho bya Rigid

• Pet : Ibikoresho bya salade, amacupa ya peteroli

• HDPE: Amata Amata, Yogurt Tubs

• PP: Amafunguro MicrowabAble Trays, Amacupa ya Ketchup

• PS: Ibikombe byabitswe, inka

Filime zoroheje n'imifuka

• Ldpe: Imifuka yumugati, imifuka y'ibiryo yakonje

• PVC: Kwizirika gupfunyika, gupakira inyama

• PP: Amashashi y'ibiryo, abapfundo bombo

Amacupa y'ibinyobwa

Amacupa ya plastike atuma ibinyobwa byacu bishya kandi byagendanwa. Dore ibyo buri resin ikoreshwa kuri:

• Amatungo: Amacupa yoroshye yo kunywa, amacupa y'amazi

• HDPE: Amacupa yumutobe, amacupa yamata

• PP: Amacupa ya siporo, amacupa y'amazi yongeye gukoreshwa

Amacupa yo mu rugo

Ibisohoka bya plastiki bitanga inzira itekanye kandi irambye yo gutora imiti yo murugo. Barwanya kumeneka no kumeneka.

• HDPE: Amacupa ya teteroli, amacupa ya Bleach

• PP: Gusukura amacupa ya spray, ibikoresho bya automotive

• PVC: Amacupa ya shampoo, amacupa yinyeshyamba

Kwisiga no gupakira umuntu ku giti cye

Ibicuruzwa bya plastiki bifasha kurinda no gutanga ibicuruzwa dukunda. Bakomeza gushya kandi byoroshye gukoresha.

• Amatungo: Amacupa ya shampoo, amacupa yo kwisiga

• HDPE: Amacupa ya konderioner, umubiri woza amacupa

• PP: Imanza zoroshye, iminwa yiminwa

Gupakira imiti

Ibikomoka kuri plastiki bigira uruhare runini mumiti yo gupakira neza kandi neza. Barinda kwanduza no kwangiza.

• Amatungo: Amacupa yibinini, amacupa yamashanyarazi

• HDPE: Amacupa ya Vitamine, ibikoresho byongereranyo

• PP: Inyandiko zandikirwa, Syringe Abakinnyi

• PS: Amapaki ya Blister, imiti

Imifuka yo gucuruza no gupfunyika

Imifuka ya pulasitike hamwe napfukagura ni intambara yo kugurisha. Bakoreshwa mugupakira no kurinda ibicuruzwa bitandukanye.

• HDPE: Imifuka y'ibirimo, gucuruza imifuka yo guhaha

• Ldpe: imifuka yimyenda, imifuka yikinyamakuru

• PVC: Gabanya Gupfunyika, Impano Yimpano Gupfunyika

Gupakira Inganda

Ibisohoka bya plastiki nabyo bikoreshwa mubipfunyika biremereye. Batanga imbaraga nimbatura yo kohereza no kubika.

• HDPE: Ingoma yimiti, ibikoresho binini byo kubika

• PP: Ibiryo binini, ibice byinganda bireba

• PVC: Imiti ya Tubing, firime yinganda

Kubindi bisobanuro kuri Ibikoresho byo kwisiga , harimo no gusimbuka kwa pulasitike, sura urupapuro rwabigenewe.

Ibyiza byo gupakira plastiki

Gupakira plastiki ibipapuro bitanga inyungu nyinshi zituma ihitamo ikunzwe munganda. Reka dusuzume bimwe mubyiza byingenzi.

Umucyo woroshye kandi ufite akamaro

Imwe mu nyungu zikomeye zo gupakira plastike ni kamere yoroshye. Ibi bituma bihendutse gutwara no kugabanya ibiciro byo kohereza. Ibisohoka bya plastiki nabyo birahenze kubyara ugereranije nibindi bikoresho nkikirahure cyangwa ibyuma.

Kuramba no Kumenagura-Kurwanya

Gupakira plastiki gupakira bizwiho kuramba. Irashobora kwihanganira ingaruka nigitutu utarimo cyangwa kumenagura. Ibi bituma bigira intego kubicuruzwa bigomba gutwarwa intera ndende cyangwa bikemurwa kenshi.

Inzitizi Nziza

Ibisohoka bya plastiki bitanga amashusho meza ya bariyeri bifasha kurinda ibiyikubise ubushuhe, ogisijeni, nibindi bintu byibidukikije. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane cyane kubiryo n'ibinyobwa, aho ubuzima bushya nubuzima bwa filf ari ibibazo byingenzi.

Resin	Barrier Properties
Amatungo	Inzitizi nziza kurwanya ogisijeni, ubuhehere, na co2
Hdpe	Inzitizi nziza kurwanya ubushuhe, Kurwanya Cyimico Cyiza
Pp	Inzitizi nziza cyane, irwanya imiti myiza

Amahitamo asobanutse kubicuruzwa bigaragara

Ibisohokamo bimwe bya pulasitike, nka Pet na Zab, tanga umucyo udasanzwe. Ibi bituma abakiriya babona ibicuruzwa imbere yipaki, bishobora kuba ingingo ikomeye. Gukuramo amashusho kandi byoroha kugenzura ibikubiye mubyo kugenzura ubuziranenge.

Kubumba muburyo butandukanye

Ibisubizo bya plastiki birashobora kubumba muburyo butandukanye. Ibi bikoresho bituma abakora gukora ibipfundikiro bihujwe nibicuruzwa byabo byihariye. Kuva mumacupa yoroshye nibibindi kubibazo bigoye hamwe nibisobanuro birambuye, resive za plastike itanga ibishoboka bitagira iherezo.

Amahitamo yo kurwanya imiti

Ibisohoka bimwe na bimwe bya plastike, nka hdpe na pp, tanga imiti itemewe. Barashobora kwihanganira guhura n'imiti ikaze badatesha agaciro cyangwa ngo bagere. Ibi bituma baba byiza byo gupakira isuku murugo, imiti yinganda, nibindi bishobora guteza akaga.

Gutunganya no gutekereza ku bidukikije

Mugihe gupakira plastiki bitanga inyungu nyinshi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ingaruka zibidukikije.

Gusubiramo Ubwoko butandukanye bwa plastike

Ntabwo ibyo byose bya plastike bigenzurwa kimwe. Bamwe barumirwa byoroshye kurusha abandi. Dore incamake yihuse:

resin	recyclability
Amatungo	Recycled nyinshi
Hdpe	Recycled nyinshi
Pvc	Gake rexycled
Ldpe	Ntabwo bikunze kuvugwa
Pp	Bigenda byiyongera
PS	Gake rexycled
Ikindi	Biratandukanye na resin yihariye

INGORANE MU GUHINDUKA BIDASANZWE CYANGWA Ibikoresho bivanze

Ibisohokamo bimwe, nka PVC na PS, biragoye kubisubiramo kubera imiti yabo. Barashobora kwanduza imigezi itunganijwe niba itatandukanye neza. Ibikoresho bivanze, nko gupakira pulasitike hamwe nibice by'ibyuma, birashobora kandi kuba ingorabahizi. Bakunze gusaba gutandukana, nibimara igihe kandi bihenze.

Akamaro ko Gusubiramo neza no kujugunya

Gutunganya neza no kujugunya gupakira pulasitike nibyingenzi kugirango bigabanye ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije. Iyo plastike irangirira mumyanda cyangwa inyanja, irashobora gufata imyaka amagana kugirango itaboze. Ibi biganisha ku mwogo cy'ubutaka n'amazi, kandi byangiza inyamaswa zo mu gasozi. Na Gutunganya no guta plastike neza , turashobora kugabanya izi ngaruka mbi.

Ikoranabuhanga rigaragara ryo gutunganya no kuramba

Abashakashatsi barimo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo kunoza imitunganire ya plastike no kuramba. Ingero zimwe zirimo:

• Gutunganya imiti: Kumena plastike mubice byayo bya shimi byo kongera gukoresha

• Plastishime ya Biodegradable: ikozwe mubikoresho bishingiye ku gihingwa bivamo vuba

• Sisitemu yo gutondekanya amatora: ukoresheje Ai na robotike kugirango batore plastike neza

  
  

Mugihe ubwo buhanga bugaragaza amasezerano, ntibaboneka cyane. Kuri twese kubakorera uruhare rwacu mukugabanya imyanda ya plastike binyuze mu gutunganya neza no guta .ubwumvikane Ikimenyetso cyo gutunganya ibipakira birashobora gufasha abaguzi gufata ibyemezo byuzuye bijyanye no gutunganya.

Kubindi bisobanuro kubijyanye no gupakira birambye, urashobora kwiga kubyerekeye PCR plastike mugupakira , ni ubuhe buryo bundi bushya bwangiza ibidukikije kuri plastiki ya plastiki.

Umwanzuro

Ibisohoka bya plastiki, nk'amatungo, hdpe, na pp, ni ngombwa mu gupakira bigezweho. Buri bwoko bwa resin bufite imitungo idasanzwe ituma ari byiza gukoresha uburyo butandukanye, bivuye muri kontineri yibiryo kugirango bapfusirike. Ibi bikoresho bifasha kubungabunga ibicuruzwa, kuzamura umutekano, no gukora ibipakira neza. Ariko, no gukoresha cyane haje inshingano. Kujugunya neza no gutunganya ibikomokaho bya plastike ni ngombwa kugirango bigabanye ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije. Tugomba gukoresha bose no guta gupakira neza kugirango tumenye ejo hazaza.