Ukupakishwa kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini lezithambiso. Uvavanyo olufanelekileyo lokupakisha luqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko.
Kule post, uya kufunda malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze iimvavanyo zokupakishwa kwezithambiso kunye nokubaluleka kwazo.
Kutheni i-Cosmetic Packaging Testing ibalulekile?
Kwilizwe elikhawulezayo lobuhle, ukupakishwa kwezithambiso kungaphezulu nje kwesikhongozeli. Ngumgcini, umthengisi, kunye nonozakuzaku webrand zonke ziqengqeleke zaba yinto enye. Yiyo loo nto uvavanyo lokupakisha lwezithambiso lubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukukhusela iMveliso
Izithambiso ziyindalo eethe-ethe, zenziwe ngononophelo ukuze zisebenze imimangaliso eluswini lwethu kwaye ziphucule iimpawu zethu. Kodwa zikwachanabeka kwimozulu. Umoya, ukukhanya, ukufuma, kunye neebhaktheriya zonke zinokonakalisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso.
Kulapho ukupakishwa kungena khona. Isebenza njengesithintelo, ikhusela imveliso ekungcoleni kunye nokuwohloka. Kodwa sazi njani ukuba imathiriyeli yokupakisha ilungele umsebenzi? Kulapho uvavanyo lungena khona.
Uvavanyo olungqongqo olunjengokuchasa ukuvuza, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya, kunye novavanyo lomceli mngeni we-microbial luqinisekisa ukuba ukupakishwa kunokumelana novavanyo lwexesha kwaye igcine imveliso ikwimo ephezulu.
Ukuqinisekisa iMeko egqibeleleyo
Xa umthengi ethatha imveliso yezithambiso, balindele ukugqibelela. Bafuna imibala eqaqambileyo, ukwakheka okugudileyo, kunye nevumba elitsha. Abafuni ukuvula ingqayi yekhrimu kwaye bayifumane yohluliwe okanye ivumba.
Uvavanyo lokupakisha ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba imveliso ifikelela kumthengi kanye njengoko ibicetyiwe. Uvavanyo olufana nokumelana nokuwa, ukungcangcazela, kunye nokwaluphala okukhawulezileyo kulinganisa uhambo olusuka kumzi-mveliso ukuya evenkileni ukuya kwithala lokuhlambela.
Ngokubeka ipakethe ngeendlela zayo, abavelisi banokuchonga kwaye balungise naziphi na iindawo ezibuthathaka, beqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ifika kwimeko ecocekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha.
Ukugcina isidima sophawu
Kwixesha lemidiya yoluntu, igama le-brand linokwenziwa okanye liphulwe ngephanyazo. I-tweet enye malunga nephakheji engalunganga okanye imveliso eyonakeleyo inokuhamba intsholongwane, ibangele umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kumfanekiso wenkampani.
Uvavanyo lokupakisha lwe-Cosmetic luphawu lokuqala lokuzikhusela kwiintlekele ezinjalo. Ngokutyala imali kuvavanyo olucokisekileyo, iinkampani zinokubamba imiba enokubakho ngaphambi kokuba zifike emarikeni.
Le ndlela isebenzayo ayikhuseli kuphela isidima sohlobo kodwa yakha ukuthembana kwabathengi. Xa abathengi besazi ukuba i-brand ithatha umgangatho ngokubalulekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba babe ngabathengi abathembekileyo, ubomi bonke.
Ukuthobela iMimiselo
Ishishini lezithambiso lilawulwa kakhulu, kwaye ngesizathu esihle. Izithambiso zidibana ngqo nolusu lwethu, amehlo kunye nemilebe yethu, ngoko ke kufuneka zikhuseleke kwaye zizinze.
Ukupakishwa kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufezekiseni ezi mfuno zolawulo. Umzekelo, i-EU's Cosmetics Regulation imisela ukuba ukupakishwa akufuneki kubangele ukuba imveliso ibe mbi okanye yenze imixube eyingozi.
Ngokuqhuba uvavanyo olubanzi, iinkampani zokuthambisa zinokuqinisekisa ukuba ukupakishwa kwazo kuhambelana nayo yonke imimiselo kunye nemigangatho efanelekileyo. Oku akukhuseli umthengi kuphela kodwa ikwakhusela inkampani kwiimpembelelo zomthetho nezemali.
Iintlobo zoVavanyo lokuPhakhelwa kweCosmetic
Xa kuziwa ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lweemveliso zokuthambisa, uvavanyo lokupakisha lubalulekile. Masingene kolunye lweemvavanyo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka zenziwe kwipakethe yezithambiso.
| Uhlobo loVavanyo |
Injongo |
Izinto eziphambili |
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo |
| Uvavanyo lokuvuza |
Qinisekisa ukuba ukupakishwa akungeni moya kwaye akungeni manzi |
Ukutywinwa kwengqibelelo, i-porosity yezinto eziphathekayo |
Uvavanyo lokubola kwevacuum, uvavanyo lokungena kwedayi |
| Drop Testing |
Xelisa ukuphatha umhlaba wokwenyani kunye nothutho |
Uyilo lwepakethi, amandla ezinto eziphathekayo, ubuthathaka bemveliso |
Ukulahla ipakethe ukusuka kubude obumiselwe kwangaphambili |
| Uvavanyo loxinzelelo |
Vavanya ukuxhathisa kwephakheji kuxinzelelo lwangaphandle |
Ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo, imilo yephakheji, uvakalelo lwemveliso |
Ukusebenzisa amandla alawulwayo kunye neeprobes ezikhethekileyo |
| Uvavanyo lwesakhono |
Qinisekisa ukuba ipakethe inexabiso elichanekileyo lemveliso |
Ukwandiswa kwemveliso, ubunzima obuthile |
Ukusebenzisana kunye neefayili zemveliso |
| Uvavanyo loShicilelo |
Vavanya ukuqina kunye nokufundeka kweelebhile |
Ukufuma, ukukhanya, ukuxhathisa i-abrasion |
Ukumelana nokufuma, ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza, iimvavanyo ze-abrasion |
| Uvavanyo lweLeyibhile yokuZincamathelisa |
Vavanya ukusebenza kweelebhile zokuzincamathela |
Ukubambelela kokuqala, ukuqhubeka kwe-adhesive, amandla e-peel |
Uvavanyo lwe-Loop tack, ukuvezwa kokusingqongileyo, uvavanyo lokuqina |
| Ukuvula uVavanyo olulula |
Qinisekisa ukufaneleka komsebenzisi kwiphakheji |
Amandla okukrazula, ukomelela kwetywina, ukukhuhlana komphezulu |
Uvavanyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokubamba |
1. Uvavanyo lokuvuza
Khawube nomfanekiso wakho uvula i-serum oyithandayo kuphela ukuze uyifumane isiqingatha ngenxa yebhotile evuzayo. Kulapho uvavanyo lokuvuza lungena khona. Kubalulekile kuyo nayiphi na ipakethe yezithambiso egcina ulwelo okanye iijeli.
Uvavanyo lokuvuza luqinisekisa ukuba ukupakishwa akungeni moya kwaye akukho manzi. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo luvavanyo lokubola kwevacuum. Iphakheji ifakwe kwi-vacuum, kwaye ukuba inqanaba le-vacuum liyehla, libonisa ukuvuza.
Imizekelo yehlabathi yokwenyani ibonisa ukubaluleka kovavanyo lokuvuza. Kolunye uphononongo, uvavanyo lokubola kwevacuum lufumanise ukuvuza kwi-98% yeetyhubhu zemascara, ukugqwesa ukujongwa okubonakalayo kuphela.
Uvavanyo lokuvuza kwakhona luhamba kunye novavanyo lokusebenza kwetywina. Ngapha koko, iphakheji evuzayo idla ngokuthetha itywina elinempazamo. Ngokudibanisa olu mvavanyo, abavelisi banokuqinisekisa imveliso ekhuselekileyo, enokuvuza.
2. Drop Testing
Ngaba ukhe wayilahla ipalette yakho oyithandayo kwaye wayibukela ngoloyiko njengoko iqhekeka? Uvavanyo olufanelekileyo lokulahla lunokuthintela ukuphuka kwentliziyo okunjalo.
Uvavanyo lokulahla lulinganisa ukuphathwa kwehlabathi lokwenyani kunye nokuthuthwa kweemveliso zokuthambisa. Kubandakanya ukulahla imveliso epakishiweyo ukusuka kubude obahlukeneyo kunye nee-engile ukuvavanya ukuqina kwayo.
Inkqubo ithe ngqo kodwa iyasebenza. Iphakheji ifakwe kwi-drop tester kwaye ikhululwe ukusuka kubude obumiselweyo. Emva koko iphakheji ihlolwe umonakalo, kwaye iziphumo zirekhodwa.
Ukutolika iziphumo kungundoqo ekwenzeni uphuculo oluyimfuneko. Ukuba iphakheji isoloko isilela kuvavanyo lokuwisa, lixesha lokuphinda uphonononge uyilo okanye imathiriyeli. Mhlawumbi iplastiki engqindilili okanye isifakelo esikhuselweyo sinokwenza wonke umahluko.
3. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo
Ngaba wakha wakhama ityhubhu yeloshini ukuze igqabhuke? Kulapho uvavanyo loxinzelelo lungena khona. Ivavanya ukuba iphakheji inokumelana kangakanani noxinzelelo lwangaphandle.
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lubaluleke kakhulu kwipakethe ethambileyo njengetyhubhu kunye neepowutshi. Iqinisekisa ukuba bayakwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo lokupakishwa kwiishelufu zevenkile okanye ukupakishwa kwisutikheyisi.
Inkqubo yokuvavanya ibandakanya ukusebenzisa amandla alawulwayo kwiphakheji usebenzisa iiprobes ezikhethekileyo. Iiprobe ezijikelezayo zisetyenziselwa iindawo ezigobileyo, ngelixa iiprobes ze-cylindrical zisetyenziselwa iindawo ezisicaba.
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lunoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwishishini lokuthambisa. Isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukuqina kweesepha, amandla okuhambisa iimpompo, kunye nokuzinza kweengqayi zokuthambisa.
4. Uvavanyo lwesakhono
Ngaba wakha wayivula ibhotile yesiseko entsha ukuze uyifumane ingenanto? Kulapho uvavanyo lwamandla lungena khona. Iqinisekisa ukuba iphakheji iqulethe inani elifanelekileyo lemveliso.
Uvavanyo lwamandla luvavanya indawo yentloko eyimfuneko okanye ullage kwiphakheji. I-Headspace yindawo engenanto ngaphezu kwemveliso. Kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela ukwanda kwemveliso kunye nokucutheka ngenxa yotshintsho lobushushu.
Izinto ezininzi zinefuthe kuvavanyo lwamandla. Ukwandiswa kwemveliso kukhulu. Ezinye izinto zokuthambisa, ezifana neshampu, zidla ngokuba namagwebu ngexesha lokuzaliswa. Oku kuthetha ukuba bafuna i-headspace eyongezelelweyo. Okufanayo kuya kwiipowders, ezinokuthi zihlale kwaye zicinezele ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Umxhuzulane okhethekileyo yenye into ephambili. Ngumlinganiselo wokuxinana kwemveliso xa kuthelekiswa namanzi. Olu lwazi lunceda ukuguqula ubunzima bokugcwalisa ukusuka kwiigram ukuya kwi-milliliters.
Ukufumana ukuvavanywa komthamo ngokufanelekileyo, intsebenziswano kunye nezihluzi zemveliso ibalulekile. Banobuchule bokuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yakho inokuzaliswa ngokufanelekileyo kumgca wemveliso. Ukubonisana nabo kwangethuba kunokusindisa iintloko ezininzi ezibuhlungu endleleni.
5. Uvavanyo loShicilelo
Ipakethe yezithambiso ayisosikhongozeli nje. Ikwasisixhobo sonxibelelwano. Iilebhile kunye neegrafiki zigqithisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nemveliso kunye nophawu. Yiyo loo nto uvavanyo loshicilelo lubaluleke kakhulu.
Uvavanyo lokuprinta luqinisekisa ukuba iileyibhile zokupakisha ziqinile kwaye ziyafundeka. Ijonga ukuba i-inki inokumelana nokufuma, ukukhanya, kunye nokunxiba kunye nokukrazuka kwemihla ngemihla.
Iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zokuprinta ziquka ukuxhathisa ukufuma kunye nokukhanya okulula. Iimvavanyo zokuxhathisa ukufuma zilinganisa iimeko zokufuma ukubona ukuba i-inki iyakhubeka okanye iyabaleka. Iimvavanyo zokuzila ukukhanya zibonakalisa ipakethe kwisibane se-UV ukujonga ukuba iyabuna okanye iyajika.
Ukuxhathisa i-abrasion lolunye uvavanyo oluphambili. Ilinganisa ukukhuhlana kwepakethe ekhuhlayo kwezinye iindawo. Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu kwiimveliso ezihlala ziphathwa, njengemilomo okanye i-compact.
Iileyibhile ezicacileyo, ezihlala ixesha elide zibalulekile kulwazi lwabathengi kunye nesazisi sohlobo. Baqinisekisa ukuba abathengi banokufunda ngokulula izithako, imiyalelo, kunye nomhla wokuphelelwa kwexesha. Bakwanceda ukugcina umtsalane obonakalayo wophawu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
6. UVavanyo lweLeyibhile yokuSelf-Adhesive
Iileyibhile zokuzincamathelisa zilukhetho oludumileyo lokupakishwa kwezithambiso. Zinezinto ezininzi, azibizi kakhulu, kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba baqhuba kakuhle, kufuneka baye kuvavanyo olungqongqo.
Uvavanyo lwelebhile yokuncamathelisa ivavanya izinto ezintathu eziphambili:
Ukuncamathela kokuqala: Ingaba ileyibhile ibambelela kakuhle kangakanani kwiphakheji kanye emva kokufakwa kwesicelo?
Ukuqhubekeka kwe-Adhesive: Ngaba ileyibhile ingagcina ukubambelela kwayo ngexesha kunye naphantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo?
Amandla e-Peel: Angakanani amandla afunekayo ukususa ileyibhile kwiphakheji?
Ukuvavanya ukunamathela kokuqala, indlela eqhelekileyo luvavanyo lwe-loop tack. Ileyibhile yenziwa iluphu kunye necala elincamathelayo ngaphandle. Emva koko idityaniswe nepleyiti yovavanyo. Amandla afunekayo ukwahlula ileyibhile kwipleyiti iyalinganiswa.
Ukuqhubekeka kwe-adhesive, iilebhile ziphantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukufuma, utshintsho lobushushu, kunye nokuchanabeka kwioyile okanye kwimichiza. Iileyibhile zijongwa ukuba akukho nakuphi na ukunyuswa, ukugoba, okanye ukulahleka kokuncamathela.
Amandla e-Peel aqhele ukulinganiswa kusetyenziswa i-tensile tester. Ileyibhile isetyenziswe kwipleyiti yokuvavanya kwaye ihlanjululwe kwisantya esilawulwayo kunye ne-angle. Amandla afunekayo ukususa ileyibhile irekhodwa.
7. Ukulula koVavanyo lokuvula
Ngaba ukhe wasokola ukuvula ingqayi entsha yekhrimu yobuso? Okanye ukrazule i-sachet yeshampu ngenxa yokuphoxeka? Ukuba kunjalo, uyazi ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukupakishwa okulula ukukuvula.
Ukulula kokuvula uvavanyo kuvavanya ukuba iphakheji isebenziseka njani. Iqwalasela izinto ezifana nomthamo wamandla afunekayo ukuvula iphakheji, ukubamba okufunekayo, kunye nokucaca kwemiyalelo yokuvula.
Izinto ezininzi zinefuthe lokuvula lula. Amandla eenyembezi manye. Ngamandla afunekayo ukuqalisa kunye nokusasaza ukukrazula kwinto ethile. Ukuba amandla okukrazula aphezulu kakhulu, iphakheji iya kuba nzima ukuyivula. Ukuba iphantsi kakhulu, ipakethe inokukrazuka phambi kwexesha.
Ukomelela kwetywina yenye into. Itywina eyomeleleyo kakhulu kuya kuba nzima ukuqhawuka. Kodwa ukuba ibuthathaka kakhulu, iphakheji inokuvuza okanye ivuleke ngexesha lokuphatha.
Ukukhuhlana komphezulu nako kunendima. Ukuba ipakethe imtyibilizi kakhulu, kuya kuba nzima ukuyibamba. Kodwa ukuba irhabaxa kakhulu, isenokungakhululeki ukuyiphatha.
Ukwenza lula iimvavanyo zokuvula, iiphakheji zihlala zivavanywa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokubamba. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuvavanya ngezandla ezomileyo, ezimanzi, okanye ezinamafutha. Isenokubandakanya uvavanyo ngeeglavu okanye ngabantu abanobugcisa obuncitshisiweyo.
UkuJonga ngokweNgcaciso kwiiMvavanyo zokuPakisha eziKhethekileyo
Uvavanyo lweCarton Stacking
Uvavanyo lokupakishwa kweekhathoni lubalulekile kuthutho nokugcinwa. Baqinisekisa ukuba ibhokisi esezantsi inokuthwala ubunzima beebhokisi ezininzi ezipakishwe ngaphezulu. Ukwenza olu vavanyo, iibhokisi zipakishwe, kwaye amandla oxinzelelo alinganiswa. Ukuba ikhathoni engezantsi iyawa, amandla okupakisha awonelanga. Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuyileni iikhathoni ezomeleleyo ezithintela umonakalo ngexesha lokuthuthwa nokugcinwa.
Uvavanyo lokungcangcazela kwezoThutho olufanisiweyo
Uvavanyo lokungcangcazela kwezothutho olufanisiweyo lujonga ukuba ukupakishwa kukuphatha njani amaqhuma kunye nokushukuma ngexesha lothutho. Iimveliso zilungiswe kwibhentshi yokuvavanya. Emva koko, bangena kwi-vibration ngesantya esimiselweyo kunye nobude. Olu vavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zihlala zikhuselekile kwaye zifanelekile ngexesha lokuhamba. Inceda ukuchonga iindawo ezibuthathaka ekupakisheni, okukhokelela ekukhuseleni okungcono.
UHlolo loMgangatho wokuPakisha wokuPakisha wokuPakisha
Umgangatho wokuprinta ubalulekile kwipakethe yezithambiso. Iphucula umdla wokubonwayo kwaye ibonelela ngolwazi oluyimfuneko. Uvavanyo lomgangatho woshicilelo lubandakanya ukuxhathisa kwe-abrasion, ukunamathela, kunye nocalulo lombala. Uvavanyo lokumelana ne-abrasion jonga ukuba ushicilelo lumelana nemikrwelo. Iimvavanyo zokubambelela ziqinisekisa ukuba iiprints zinamathela kakuhle kwipakethe. Iimvavanyo zocalucalulo lwemibala ziqinisekisa ukuba imibala ichanekile phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa. Ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba ukupakishwa kuhlala kunomtsalane kwaye kunolwazi kubomi bayo bonke beshelufu.
Uvavanyo loomatshini kunye noloMzimba
Amandla okuqina kunye nokwandiswa
Amandla okuqina kunye nobude bubalulekile ekupakisheni ukuqina. Ezi mvavanyo zilinganisa umthwalo omkhulu onokuthi uphathe izinto ngaphambi kokuphuka kunye nokukwazi ukuzolula. Ukuvavanya ezi mpawu, iisampulu zitsalwa de zaphuke. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukupakishwa kunokumelana noxinzelelo ngaphandle kokukrazula, ukugcina iimveliso zikhuselekile ngexesha lokuphatha kunye nokugcinwa.
Amandla okutywinwa kobushushu
Amandla okutywinwa kobushushu aqinisekisa ukutywinwa okusebenzayo kweepakethe zokuthambisa. Kubalulekile ukuthintela ukuvuza kunye nosulelo. Imiba eqhelekileyo ibandakanya amatywina abuthathaka kunye namaqondo obushushu angafanelekanga. Ukuvavanya amandla okutywinwa kobushushu, iisampulu ziyatywinwa emva koko zitsalwe zodwa ukuze kulinganiswe amandla afunekayo ukuqhawula itywina. Izisombululo ziquka ukulungelelanisa amaqondo okushisa okutywinwa kunye nokuqinisekisa uxinzelelo olufanayo ngexesha lokutywinwa.
Ukuchasa impembelelo
Ukuchasana kwempembelelo kuthintela umonakalo ngexesha lokuthutha. Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ukupakishwa kunokumelana njani nokothuka kunye namathontsi. Iindlela ziquka ukusebenzisa umvavanyi wempembelelo yedart okanye umvavanyi wempembelelo yebhola ewayo. Olu vavanyo luwisa iintsimbi kwipakethe ukuze lulinganise iimpembelelo zehlabathi lokwenyani. Ngokuchonga iindawo ezibuthathaka, iinkampani zinokuphucula ukupakishwa ukukhusela ngcono iimveliso zazo.
IiPropati zoMthinteli kunye noKwenziwa kotywino
Uvavanyo lwePropati yesithintelo
Uvavanyo lwepropathi yesithintelo lubalulekile ekugcineni umgangatho wemveliso. Iqinisekisa ukuba izinto zokupakisha zinokuthintela ioksijini, umphunga, kunye neegesi eziphilayo ukuba zingangeni. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka indlela yoxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo kunye nendlela yoxinzelelo olulinganayo. Ezi mvavanyo zilinganisa isantya apho iigesi zingena khona kwizinto zokupakisha. Ngokuchonga iindawo ezibuthathaka, abavelisi banokuphucula iimpawu zomqobo, ukuqinisekisa ixesha elide kunye nokhuseleko lweemveliso zokuthambisa.
Ukutywinwa koVavanyo lokuSebenza
Ukutywinwa kovavanyo lokusebenza kuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kuvuza kwipakethe. Kubandakanya ukujonga ingqibelelo yamatywina usebenzisa iindlela zoxinzelelo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga. Kwindlela yoxinzelelo olulungileyo, ipakethe igxininiswe ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuze ibone ukuba iyakwazi ukugcina isitywina sayo. Kwindlela yoxinzelelo olubi, ipakethe ifakwe kwi-vacuum ukuze ibone nakuphi na ukuvuza. Ezi ndlela zinceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukupakishwa kuhlala kuhambelana, ukukhusela imveliso ekungcoleni kunye nokonakala.
Head Space Air Analysis
Uhlalutyo lomoya wesithuba sentloko lubalulekile ekuhlalutyeni umoya oseleyo kwipakethe. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba inani le-oksijini kunye nezinye iigesi ngaphakathi kwepakethe zingaphakathi kwimida eyamkelekileyo. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-chromatography yegesi kunye ne-oxygen sensors. Izixhobo ezifana neLabthink PARAMTM HGA-01 Head Space Air Analyzer zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukubunjwa komoya ngaphakathi kweepakethi ezivaliweyo. Ngokugcina isithuba esifanelekileyo sentloko, abavelisi banokuthintela i-oxidation kunye nokonakala, beqinisekisa ukutsha kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.
Imigangatho yoShishino yoVavanyo lokuPakisha lokuthambisa
Ehlabathini lokupakisha izinto zokuthambisa, uvavanyo asiyonto nje emnandi ukuba nayo. Yinto ekufuneka ubenayo. Kwaye ukuqinisekisa ukuba uvavanyo lungqongqo, luthembekile, kwaye aluguquguquki, ishishini lixhomekeke kwimigangatho emiselweyo.
Imibutho emibini ivelele kule ndawo: i-International Safe Transit Association (ISTA) kunye ne-American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Makhe sijonge ngakumbi ukuba babumba njani uvavanyo lokupakisha lwezithambiso.
1. Umbutho woThutho oKhuselekileyo waMazwe ngaMazwe (ISTA)
I-ISTA yinkokeli yehlabathi ekuchazeni imigangatho yokusebenza yokupakisha. Izikhokelo zabo zenzelwe ukukhusela iimveliso ngexesha lokuthumela kunye nokuphatha. Bakwazibophelele ekukhuthazeni izenzo zokupakisha ezizinzileyo.
I-ISTA inikezela ngoluhlu lweeprothokholi zovavanyo. Ezi ziquka:
Uvavanyo lokungcangcazela: Lilinganisa ukuxhuzula okunyamezelekayo iipakethi ngexesha lothutho
Uvavanyo lomothuko: Uvavanya ukuba iipakethe zimelana njani neempembelelo zequbuliso
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: Ilinganisa amandla epakethe ukuxhathisa amandla atyumzayo
Uvavanyo lweMozulu: Uvavanya ukuba iipakethi zisebenza njani kubushushu obuhlukeneyo kunye neemeko zokufuma
Ngokuthobela imigangatho ye-ISTA, iinkampani zezithambiso zinokuba nentembelo yokuba iimveliso zazo ziya kufika kwindawo eziya kuyo ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye zikwimeko egqibeleleyo. Ngaphezu koko, ngokulungiselela ukupakishwa kobunzima bohambo, banokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo.
2. Umbutho waseMelika woVavanyo kunye neMathiriyeli (ASTM)
Ngelixa i-ISTA igxile kuhambo, i-ASTM ibeka imigangatho yezinto zokupakisha ngokwazo. Baphuhlisa kwaye bapapashe imigangatho yobugcisa yokuvumelana ngokuzithandela kuluhlu olubanzi lwezinto, iimveliso, iinkqubo kunye neenkonzo.
Kwishishini lokuthambisa, imigangatho emibini ye-ASTM ibaluleke kakhulu:
I-ASTM D3475 ibeka iimfuno zoyilo, ukwenziwa, kunye nokusebenza kwezingxobo zeplastiki eziqinileyo. Iqinisekisa ukuba ezi zikhongozeli ziyakwazi ukumelana neemeko zenkonzo ezilindelekileyo kwaye zikhusele iziqulatho zazo.
I-ASTM D882, kwelinye icala, igxile kwiipropathi zoomatshini zeefilimu ezicekethekileyo zeplastiki. Ezi bhanyabhanya zihlala zisetyenziselwa iipowutshi zemveliso, iingxowa, kunye ne-overwraps. Umgangatho uchaza iindlela zokuvavanya amandla e-tensile, elongation, kunye ne-elastic modulus.
Ngokulandela imigangatho ye-ASTM, iinkampani zezithambiso zinokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokungaguquguquki kwezinto zabo zokupakisha. Oku ke, kufaka isandla kwimfezeko yemveliso, ukwaneliseka kwabathengi, kunye nodumo lwebrendi.
| Umbutho oMgangatho |
wokuJolisa |
kwiiNzuzo zeMigangatho |
ePhambili |
| ISTA |
Ukupakishwa kokusebenza ngexesha lokuhamba |
Ukungcangcazela, ukothuka, ukucinezelwa, uvavanyo lwemozulu |
Ukuhanjiswa kwemveliso ekhuselekileyo, ukunciphisa inkunkuma |
| I-ASTM |
Iimpawu zezinto zokupakisha |
I-ASTM D3475 (izikhongozeli zeplastiki ezomeleleyo), i-ASTM D882 (iifilimu zeplastiki ezincinci) |
Umgangatho kunye nokuhambelana kwezinto zokupakisha |
Ukusebenzisana noMboneleli wePackaging we-Cosmetic othembekileyo
Xa kufikwa kwipakethe yokuthambisa, ukuvavanywa sisiqwengana nje esinye sephazili. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo kukhetha iqabane lokupakisha elifanelekileyo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, nolona vavanyo luqatha alukwazi ukuhlawulela izixhobo ezingaphantsi okanye ukuveliswa okungekho sikweni.
Ke, kufuneka ujonge ntoni kumthengisi wokupakisha wokuthambisa? Amava angundoqo. Ufuna iqabane eliqondayo imingeni ekhethekileyo yoshishino lwezithambiso. Bafanele babe nerekhodi eqinisekisiweyo yokuhambisa izisombululo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezintsha.
Ulawulo lomgangatho yenye into ekufuneka ubenayo. Umthengisi wakho kufuneka abe neeprothokholi ezingqongqo endaweni yokuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kunye nokuthembeka. Kufuneka kwakhona bacace malunga neenkqubo zabo kwaye bazimisele ukubonelela ngamaxwebhu.
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha nako kubalulekile. Ishishini lezithambiso lihlala liguquka. Ufuna iqabane elikwaziyo ukugcina isantya kunye neendlela ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe. Kufuneka bakhuthale ekucebiseni izinto ezintsha, uyilo, kunye namanyathelo ozinzo.
Ukusebenzisana noMboneleli wePackaging we-Cosmetic othembekileyo
Xa kufikwa kwipakethe yokuthambisa, ukuvavanywa sisiqwengana nje esinye sephazili. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo kukhetha iqabane lokupakisha elifanelekileyo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, nolona vavanyo luqatha alukwazi ukuhlawulela izixhobo ezingaphantsi okanye ukuveliswa okungekho sikweni.
Ke, kufuneka ujonge ntoni kumthengisi wokupakisha wokuthambisa? Amava angundoqo. Ufuna iqabane eliqondayo imingeni ekhethekileyo yoshishino lwezithambiso. Bafanele babe nerekhodi eqinisekisiweyo yokuhambisa izisombululo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezintsha.
Ulawulo lomgangatho yenye into ekufuneka ubenayo. Umthengisi wakho kufuneka abe neeprothokholi ezingqongqo endaweni yokuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kunye nokuthembeka. Kufuneka kwakhona bacace malunga neenkqubo zabo kwaye bazimisele ukubonelela ngamaxwebhu.
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha nako kubalulekile. Ishishini lezithambiso lihlala liguquka. Ufuna iqabane elikwaziyo ukugcina isantya kunye neendlela ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe. Kufuneka bakhuthale ekucebiseni izinto ezintsha, uyilo, kunye namanyathelo ozinzo.
Inkampani enye ephawula zonke ezi bhokisi ngu-U-nuo. Bangumyili ophambili kunye nomvelisi wepakethe zokuthambisa. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 yamava, baye bafumana udumo ngokugqwesa.
Yintoni eyahlula u-U-nuo? Ukuqala, banikezela indawo yokumisa enye yazo zonke iimfuno zakho zokupakisha. Ukusuka kuyilo lweengcamango ukuya kwimveliso yokugqibela, baphatha yonke into. Le ndlela ilungelelanisiweyo yonga ixesha kwaye iqinisekisa umanyano.
I-U-nuo iyaziwa nangokuyila kwayo. Bahlala betyhala imvulophu ngeemilo ezintsha, ukuthungwa, kunye neempawu ezisebenzayo. Ukanti abakhe balibale ukuba luncedo. Uyilo lwabo aluluhle nje kuphela kodwa lukwasebenziseka lula kunye nemveliso.
Umgangatho yenye indawo apho i-U-nuo ikhanya. Basebenzisa kuphela izinto ezigqwesileyo kunye nezixhobo zanamhlanje. Inkqubo yabo yokuvelisa ibandakanya iindawo ezininzi zokujonga ukubamba naziphi na iziphene. Kwaye iiprothokholi zabo zokuvavanya ziphakathi kwezona zingqongqo kwishishini.
Kodwa mhlawumbi eyona nzuzo inkulu yokusebenzisana no-U-nuo kukuzibophelela kwabo kwimpumelelo yakho. Abazithengisi nje izinto zokupakisha; zibonelela ngezisombululo. Bathatha ixesha lokuqonda uphawu lwakho, iimveliso zakho, kunye neenjongo zakho. Emva koko benza isicwangciso sokupakisha esilungiselelwe iimfuno zakho.
Ingaba ukupakishwa kuka-U-nuo xa kuthelekiswa nemali eqhelekileyo? Makhe sijonge ngakumbi:
| Uphawu lwe |
-U-nuo ukuPakisha |
okuqhelekileyo |
| Yila |
Intsha, yodwa |
Amaxesha amaninzi, eqhelekileyo |
| Izinto eziphathekayo |
Umgangatho ophezulu, eco-friendly |
Umgangatho oguquguqukayo |
| Uvavanyo |
Ingqongqo, inamacala amaninzi |
Isiseko, esingahambelani |
| Ixesha lokukhokhela |
Ngokukhawuleza, bhetyebhetye |
Ihlala icotha, iqinile |
| Inkxaso |
Esebenzayo, ejolise kwisisombululo |
Iyasebenza, igxile kwintengiselwano |
Njengoko ubona, ukusebenzisana nomthengisi ofana no-U-nuo kunokwenza umahluko wehlabathi. Akukhona nje ukufumana iibhokisi okanye iibhotile. Kumalunga nokufumana isisombululo esiphakamisa uphawu lwakho kwaye sonwabe abathengi bakho.
Ukuqukumbela
Uvavanyo lokupakisha lwezithambiso lubalulekile kukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Iqinisekisa ukuba ukupakishwa kunokumelana nokuphathwa kunye nokuthutha. Ukungahoyi uvavanyo lokupakisha kunokukhokelela kwiimveliso ezonakalisiweyo, abathengi abangonwabanga, kunye nokulahleka kweentengiso. Iimveliso kufuneka zibeke phambili uvavanyo ukuthintela le miba. Ukusebenzisana nabanikezeli abathembekileyo kuqinisekisa ukupakishwa kuhlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu, njenge-U-nuo. Ngokwenza oko, iibrendi zikhusela iimveliso zabo kwaye ziphucula isidima sabo. Utyalo-mali ekuvavanyeni ukupakisha ngokucokisekileyo kuhlawula ngexesha elide, ukuqinisekisa ukwaneliseka kwabathengi kunye nokunyaniseka.
